ArticleEpidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil2023
Influence of socioeconomic inequality on the distribution of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in Brazilian municipalities, 2020: an ecological study.
Article in Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Family health coverage and care reorganization during the COVID-19 pandemic.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2026Article
- Spatial disparities of COVID-19 pandemic in cerebrovascular diseases in Brazil.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Determinants of COVID-19 Mortality and Temporal Trends in the Health Regions of the State of São Paulo, Brazil.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveto analyze the influence of socioeconomic inequality on COVID-19 distribution in larger Brazilian municipalities, controlling for effect of hospital infrastructure, comorbidities and other variables.
methodsthis was an ecological study of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in 2020; outcome data were obtained from the Ministry of Health; incidence ratios were estimated using a generalized linear model.
resultswe identified 291,073 hospitalizations and 139,953 deaths; we found higher mortality rates in municipalities with a higher proportion of non-White people (95%CI 1.01;1.16) and with more households with more than two people per room (95%CI 1.01;1.13); presence of sewerage systems was protective for both outcomes (hospitalizations: 95%CI 0.87;0.99 - deaths: 95%CI 0.90;0.99), while a higher proportion of the population in subnormal housing clusters was a risk factor (hospitalizations: 95%CI 1.01;1.16 - deaths: 95%CI 1.09;1.21), with this variable interacting with the proportion of people receiving Emergency Aid (hospitalizations: 95%CI 0.88;1.00 - deaths: 95%CI 0.89;0.98).
conclusionsocioeconomic conditions affected illness and death due to COVID-19 in Brazil.
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