ArticleDiabetes care2023
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Scores and Mortality Among Adults With Incident Type 2 Diabetes.
Article in Diabetes care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Diseases in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Pooled it
- Weight-independent effects of dietary carbohydrate-to-fat ratio on metabolomic profiles: secondary outcomes of a 5-month randomized controlled feeding trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes or Obesity Receiving Carbohydrate-Reduced Nutrition via Telemedicine: A Retrospective Claims-Based Cohort Study.Cardiology and therapy · 2026Article
- Hemoglobin AJMIR formative research · 2026Observational
- Effect of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diets on Metabolomic Indices and Coronary Heart Disease in U.S. Individuals.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2026Article
- Low-carbohydrate diet score and risk of breast cancer: findings from a prospective cohort study.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between a Low-Carbohydrate Diet and the Prevalence of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, carbohydrate quality index, and low-carbohydrate diet score and their association with sperm DNA damage in unexplained male infertility.Genes & nutrition · 2026Article
- Identifying the Ratio of Circulating Cinnamoylglycine to Isoleucine as a Biomarker Linking Diet Quality, Microbial Metabolism, and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Cohorts.The Journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Joint association of a healthy low-carbohydrate diet and frailty with the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Effect of a low-carbohydrate diet on glycaemic control and disease management in type 2 diabetes: results from a prospective free-living trial.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2026Article
- Higher carbohydrate quality, but not quantity, is associated with lower lung cancer risk in a population-based prospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Dietary Patterns and Incident Chronic Constipation in Three Prospective Cohorts of Middle- and Older-Aged Adults.Gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Bridging the gap in obesity research: A consensus statement from the European Society for Clinical Investigation.European journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Association between a low-carbohydrate diet and macronutrient intake with the gut microbiome, and their interaction with dyslipidemia among Korean adults.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
- Low-Carbohydrate Diet Patterns That Favor High-Quality Carbohydrates Are Associated with Beneficial Long-Term Changes in Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Framingham Offspring Cohort.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Low-carbohydrate diet score and risk of bladder cancer: Findings from a prospective cohort study.BJUI compass · 2025Article
- Associations of low-carbohydrate diets patterns with the risk of hyperuricemia: a national representative cross-sectional study in Korea.Nutrition journal · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe current study aims to prospectively examine the association between postdiagnosis low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) patterns and mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsAmong participants with incident diabetes identified in the Nurses' Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, an overall total LCD score (TLCDS) was calculated based on the percentage of energy as total carbohydrates. In addition, vegetable (VLCDS), animal (ALCDS), healthy (HLCDS), and unhealthy (ULCDS) LCDS were further derived that emphasized different sources and quality of macronutrients. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to assess the association between the LCDS and mortality.
resultsAmong 10,101 incident T2D cases contributing 139,407 person-years during follow-up, we documented 4,595 deaths of which 1,389 cases were attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 881 to cancer. The pooled multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs, 95% CIs) of total mortality per 10-point increment of postdiagnosis LCDS were 0.87 (0.82, 0.92) for TLCDS, 0.76 (0.71, 0.82) for VLCDS, and 0.78 (0.73, 0.84) for HLCDS. Both VLCDS and HLCDS were also associated with significantly lower CVD and cancer mortality. Each 10-point increase of TLCDS, VLCDS, and HLCDS from prediagnosis to postdiagnosis period was associated with 12% (7%, 17%), 25% (19%, 30%), and 25% (19%, 30%) lower total mortality, respectively. No significant associations were observed for ALCDS and ULCDS.
conclusionsAmong people with T2D, greater adherence to LCD patterns that emphasize high-quality sources of macronutrients was significantly associated with lower total, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality.
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Registered trials
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