ArticleNeurochemical research2023
Determination of D-serine and D-alanine Tissue Levels in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus of Rats After a Single Dose of Sodium Benzoate, a D-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitor, with Potential Antipsychotic and Antidepressant Properties.
Article in Neurochemical research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of sodium benzoate on cognitive function in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- D-serine: A Multitalented Neuromodulator in Brain Function, Systemic Homeostasis, and Disease.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Impact of D-Amino Acids in Schizophrenia.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Interpretable machine learning to evaluate relationships between DAO/DAOA (pLG72) protein data and features in clinical assessments, functional outcome, and cognitive function in schizophrenia patients.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Finding the Right Dose: NMDA Receptor-Modulating Treatments for Cognitive and Plasticity Deficits in Schizophrenia and the Role of Pharmacodynamic Target Engagement.Biological psychiatry · 2025Review
- Novel Compounds in the Treatment of Schizophrenia-A Selective Review.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- New Developments in the Treatment of Schizophrenia: An Expert Roundtable.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The effects of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activators D-serine, D-alanine, and sarcosine against schizophrenia and depression are promising. Nevertheless, high doses of D-serine and sarcosine are associated with undesirable nephrotoxicity or worsened prostatic cancer. Thus, alternatives are needed. DAAO inhibition can increase D-serine as well as D-alanine and protect against D-serine-induced nephrotoxicity. Although several DAAO inhibitors improve the symptoms of schizophrenia and depression, they can increase the plasma levels but not brain levels of D-serine. The mechanism of action of DAAO inhibitors remains unclear. We investigated the effects of the DAAO inhibitor sodium benzoate on the prefrontal cortex and hippocampal level of D-alanine as known another substrate with antipsychotic and antidepressant properties and other NMDAR-related amino acids, such as, L-alanine, D-serine, L-serine, D-glutamate, L-glutamate, and glycine levels. Our results indicate that sodium benzoate exerts antipsychotic and antidepressant-like effects without changing the D-serine levels in the brain prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. Moreover, D-alanine levels in the PFC and hippocampus did not change. Despite these negative findings regarding the effects of D-amino acids in the PFC and hippocampus, sodium benzoate exhibited antipsychotic and antidepressant-like effects. Thus, the therapeutic effects of sodium benzoate are independent of D-serine or D-alanine levels. In conclusion, sodium benzoate may be effective among patients with schizophrenia or depression; however, the mechanisms of actions remain to be elucidated.
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