Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36785495›Full record

ArticleScandinavian journal of public health2024

Parental income gradients in child and adolescent mortality: Norwegian trends over half a century.

Miriam Evensen, Søren Toksvig Klitkou, Mette Christophersen Tollånes, Pétur Benedikt Júlíusson, Øystein Kravdal

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 46% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Miriam EvensenInstitute for Social Research, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-1839-0679
Søren Toksvig KlitkouClinical Trials Unit, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.
Mette Christophersen TollånesNorwegian Organization for Quality Improvement of Laboratory Examinations (Noklus), Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Norway.
Pétur Benedikt JúlíussonDepartment of Health Registry Research and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway.
Øystein KravdalCentre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway.
Norwegian Institute of Public Health · NOInstitute for Social Research · NOOslo University Hospital · NOUniversity of Bergen · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChild mortality has declined rapidly over the last century in many high-income countries. However, little is known about the socio-economic differences in this decline and whether these vary across causes of death.

methodsWe used register data that included all Norwegian births between 1968 and 2010 (2.1 million), and we analysed how all-cause and cause-specific child (0-4 years) and adolescent (5-20 years) mortality rates vary with relative parental income the year before the birth.

resultsChild and adolescent all-cause mortality decreased with increasing parental relative income within all birth cohorts. Among children aged 0-4 years, the socio-economic gradient in all-cause mortality and in mortality due to external causes, sudden infant deaths and perinatal factors declined over the period, while there was no systematic decline in mortality from congenital malformations. Among children aged 5-20 years, the gradient did not weaken similarly, although there were indications of declines in the socio-economic gradient related to all-cause deaths and deaths because of suicides and other external causes. While the absolute differences in mortality declined over time, the relative differences remained stable.

conclusions

Indexed as

Cause of DeathChild MortalityIncomeParentsAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleNorwayRegistriesYoung AdultadolescentsCause-specific mortalitychildrenparental incomewelfare state

Identifiers

PMID36785495
PMCPMC11179307
OpenAlexW4320710141

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.