Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36782267›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2023

Evaluation of the implementation of WHO infection prevention and control core components in Turkish health care facilities: results from a WHO infection prevention and control assessment framework (IPCAF)-based survey.

Emel Azak, Ahmet Sertcelik, Gulden Ersoz, Guven Celebi, Fatma Eser, Ayse Batirel, Yasemin Cag, Zeynep Ture, Derya Ozturk Engin, Meltem Arzu Yetkin and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Emel AzakDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye.
Ahmet SertcelikDivision of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Gulden ErsozDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Türkiye.
Guven CelebiDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Türkiye.
Fatma EserDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye.
Ayse BatirelDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, University of Health Sciences, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Yasemin CagDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Zeynep TureDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Türkiye.
Derya Ozturk EnginDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Sancaktepe Sehit Prof. Dr. Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Meltem Arzu YetkinDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Giresun University Faculty of Medicine, Giresun, Türkiye.
Sedat KaygusuzDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Kirikkale University Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale, Türkiye.
Aslıhan CandevirDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Türkiye.
Ermira TartariFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Jordi RelloCatedràtic de Medicina, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Emine AlpDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye. eminealpmese@gmail.com.
THIRG, Turkish Hospital Infection Research Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe core components (CCs) of infection prevention and control (IPC) from World Health Organization (WHO) are crucial for the safety and quality of health care. Our objective was to examine the level of implementation of WHO infection prevention and control core components (IPC CC) in a developing country. We also aimed to evaluate health care-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in intensive care units (ICUs) in association with implemented IPC CCs.

methodsMembers of the Turkish Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Specialization Association (EKMUD) were invited to the study via e-mail. Volunteer members of any healt care facilities (HCFs) participated in the study. The investigating doctor of each HCF filled out a questionnaire to collect data on IPC implementations, including the Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) and HAIs/AMR in ICUs in 2021.

resultsA total of 68 HCFs from seven regions in Türkiye and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus participated while 85% of these were tertiary care hospitals. Fifty (73.5%) HCFs had advanced IPC level, whereas 16 (23.5%) of the 68 hospitals had intermediate IPC levels. The hospitals' median (IQR) IPCAF score was 668.8 (125.0) points. Workload, staffing and occupancy (CC7; median 70 points) and multimodal strategies (CC5; median 75 points) had the lowest scores. The limited number of nurses were the most important problems. Hospitals with a bed capacity of > 1000 beds had higher rates of HAIs. Certified IPC specialists, frequent feedback, and enough nurses reduced HAIs. The most common HAIs were central line-associated blood stream infections. Most HAIs were caused by gram negative bacteria, which have a high AMR.

conclusionsMost HCFs had an advanced level of IPC implementation, for which staffing was an important driver. To further improve care quality and ensure everyone has access to safe care, it is a key element to have enough staff, the availability of certified IPC specialists, and frequent feedback. Although there is a significant decrease in HAI rates compared to previous years, HAI rates are still high and AMR is an important problem. Increasing nurses and reducing workload can prevent HAIs and AMR. Nationwide "Antibiotic Stewardship Programme" should be initiated.

Indexed as

Cross InfectionInfection ControlDelivery of Health CareHumansSurveys and QuestionnairesWorld Health OrganizationAntimicrobial resistanceHealth care-associated infectionsInfection prevention and controlIPC core componentsWorkload

Identifiers

PMID36782267
PMCPMC9923650

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.