ReviewNature human behaviour2023
A rapid realist review of universal interventions to promote inclusivity and acceptance of diverse sexual and gender identities in schools.
Review in Nature human behaviour, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- An Internet-Delivered Intervention to Reduce LGBTQ+ Prejudice Among Romanian Teachers: Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR human factors · 2026Trial
- Inclusive school practices for all youth: A European Cross-National Study of general, sexual orientation, and gender identity-based bullying.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2026Article
- Article
- The Prevalence of Poor Behavioral Health Among University Students by Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Racial Identity: The Role of Discrimination and Microaggressions.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Emotional and behavioural difficulties in gender minority compared to cisgender adolescents: identity specific findings from a contemporary national study.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026Article
- An Evaluation of the Chicago Public Schools Gender Inclusivity Professional Learning Community for K-12 Teachers.The Urban review · 2026Article
- Impact of a modified produce prescription program on fruit and vegetable intake in an HBCU.PloS one · 2026Article
- Linking inclusive school practices and mental health in sexual and gender minority youth in Europe.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Co-producing school-based mental health interventions with young people, teachers, and schools: a case study.Research involvement and engagement · 2024Article
- Gender Sexuality Alliances and School Safety: Who Benefits Most, and Do Additive School-Led Practices Strengthen the Link?Journal of youth and adolescence · 2024Article
- It's time for change: inequities and determinants of health-related quality of life among gender and sexually diverse young people in Australia.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- The influence of minority stress-related experiences on mental wellbeing for trans/gender-diverse and cisgender youth: a comparative longitudinal analysis.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Universal interventions to promote inclusivity and acceptance of diverse sexual and gender identities in schools could help to prevent mental health problems in this population. We reviewed evidence and developed programme theories to explain which universal interventions work, for whom, in which contexts and why. We conducted a rapid realist review and extracted data in context-mechanism-outcome configurations, to develop and refine programme theories. We included 53 sources and identified five intervention themes: student pride clubs, inclusive antibullying and harassment policies, inclusive curricula, workshops and staff training. Here, we show that these interventions could work by reducing discrimination, bullying and marginalization. Interventions appear to work best when school staff are trained and the school climate is supportive and may be less effective for boys, gender minority students and bisexual students. Our findings provide guiding principles for schools to develop interventions and should encourage primary research to confirm, refute or refine our programme theories.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.