Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36777966›Full record

ArticleJournal of affective disorders reports2023

Status of mental health among college and university students during first and second wave of COVID-19 outbreak in India: A cross-sectional study.

Priya Bhakat, Kakoli Das

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of affective disorders reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Priya BhakatPriya Bhakat is associated with Southeast Regional Service Commission, New Brunswick, Canada.
Kakoli DasKakoli Das is a Senior Doctoral Scholar at Institute of Development Studies Kolkata & Assistant Professor, CDOE, Vidyasagar University, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: India has been badly affected by Covid-19 not only in terms of human lives but also has a long-term effect on mental health of the population. This paper is an attempt to understand the psychological effects of the pandemic on the college and university students in India after the second wave of COVID-19 outbreak and its associated factors. Method: A web-based survey was conducted to collect information from the students both at individual and household level. The study applied binary and multivariate logistic regression to estimate the adjusted and unadjusted marginal effects of the predictor variables. Result: Results show a significant increase in mental health concerns during the second wave of the pandemic, as compared to the first year. The key factors contributing to the higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress are the difficulties faced in the adaptation to the new way of learning, fear of discontinuation of education due to financial constraints faced by household, limited physical interaction, and prolonged screen-time during the pandemic. Limitation: The study has some limitations regarding selection of the sample as the survey was web-based. Also, the mental health situation of the students is self-reported and the study does not consider the prevailing mental health issues before the pandemic. Conclusion: The study recommends initiatives like offering counselling classes and strategies to cope up with mental health disorders. Further, there is a need to conduct follow-up studies to assess the long-term impacts of prolonged home quarantine on the mental health of the students.

Indexed as

AnxietyBAI, Beck Anxiety InventoryBDI, Beck Depression InventoryCBI-S, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory ScaleCDI-S, Children's Depression InventoryCES-DC, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale for ChildrenCES-D, Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression ScaleCOVID-19DASS-21, Depression Anxiety Stress ScalesDepressionEDI-3, Eating Disorder Inventory-3EHQ, Eating Habits QuestionnaireESS, Epworth Sleepiness ScaleGAD-7, Generalized Anxiety DisorderIndiaISI-7, Insomnia Severity IndexKPDS-6, Kessler Psychological Distress ScaleMental healthOCI-R, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory –RevisedPHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 ScaleSCARED, Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional DisordersSecond waveStressWEMWBS, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale

Identifiers

PMID36777966
PMCPMC9894831

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.