Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36776708›Full record

ArticleLancet regional health. Americas2021

Self-diagnosis and self-treatment of malaria in hard-to-reach and mobile populations of the Amazon: results of Malakit, an international multicentric intervention research project.

Maylis Douine, Yann Lambert, Muriel Suzanne Galindo, Louise Mutricy, Alice Sanna, Cassio Peterka, Paola Marchesini, Helene Hiwat, Mathieu Nacher, Antoine Adenis and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Lancet regional health. Americas, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. Resurgence ofLancet regional health. Americas · 2025
    Article
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  15. Is malaria elimination in the Amazon rainforest feasible? The case of Suriname.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2025
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
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  19. Ecological change increases malaria risk in the Brazilian Amazon.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Maylis DouineCentre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Yann LambertCentre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Muriel Suzanne GalindoCentre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Louise MutricyCentre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Alice SannaRegional Health Agency of French Guiana, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Cassio PeterkaMalaria Group/ Coordination for the Surveillance of Zoonoses and Vector Transmission Diseases/ Ministry of Health, Brazil, Brasilia, Brazil.
Paola MarchesiniMalaria Group/ Coordination for the Surveillance of Zoonoses and Vector Transmission Diseases/ Ministry of Health, Brazil, Brasilia, Brazil.
Helene HiwatNational Malaria Programme of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname.
Mathieu NacherCentre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Antoine AdenisCentre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane, Inserm 1424, Cayenne Hospital, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Magalie DemarTBIP, Université de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Lise MussetLaboratoire de parasitologie, parasitologie, National Reference Center for malaria, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Yassamine LazrekLaboratoire de parasitologie, parasitologie, National Reference Center for malaria, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana.
Hedley CairoNational Malaria Programme of Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname.
Jane Bordalo MillerDPAC-Fronteira non-profit, Oiapoque, Brazil.
Stephen VredenFoundation for the Advancement of Scientific Research in Suriname, Paramaribo, Suriname.
Martha Suarez-MutisParasitic DiseaseDisease Laboratory, Institute Oswaldo Cruz, Foundation Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Illegal gold miners are currently key hosts for malaria in French Guiana (FG), with a risk of emergence of resistance linked to improper use of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). The remoteness of the mines and regulatory issues hinder their access to health care. Methods: A quasi-experimental researched project (Malakit) implemented in FG borders with Brazil and Suriname aimed at determining the effectiveness of distributed kits for self-diagnosis and self-treatment to illegal gold miners, after training, at strategic border staging areas. Evaluation relied on questionnaires at inclusion and follow-up visits, and pre/post intervention surveys. The primary outcome was the proportion of persons reporting a use of certified ACT after a positive malaria diagnosis. The secondary outcomes assessed antimalarial adherence, kit use and impact on malaria epidemiology. Findings: The proportion of patients reporting a use of certified ACT after a positive diagnosis increased after the intervention (OR 1.8, 95%CI [1.1-3.0]). From April 2018 to March 2020, 3,733 persons participated in the intervention. The kit was used correctly by 71.7% [65.8-77.7] of the 223 persons reporting having used a malakit during the follow-up visits. No serious adverse events related to the misuse of malakit have been reported. The intervention appears to have accelerated the decline in malaria incidence in the region by 42.9%. Interpretation: This innovative international project showed that people with low education can correctly self-manage their malaria symptoms. This strategy could be integrated in the malaria control programs of the countries involved and considered in other regions with residual malaria in remote areas. Funding: This project was funded by the European Union, the Global Fund, Brazil MoH, Cayenne Hospital and FG Health Regional Agency. Editor's note: This translation in French was submitted by the authors and we reproduce it as supplied. It has not been peer reviewed. Our editorial processes have only been applied to the original abstract in English, which should serve as reference for this manuscript. The Lancet Group takes a neutral position with respect to territorial claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Contexte: Les chercheurs d'or illégaux sont actuellement un réservoir clé du paludisme en Guyane, avec un risque d'émergence de résistance lié à une mauvaise utilisation des combinaisons thérapeutiques à base d'artémisinine (ACT). L'isolement de ces sites miniers clandestins et des contraintes règlementaires entravent leur accès aux soins. Méthodes: Un projet de recherche opérationnelle quasi-expérimental (Malakit) a été mis en œuvre aux frontières de la Guyane avec le Brésil et le Suriname. Il visait à déterminer l'efficacité de la distribution de kits d'autodiagnostic et d'autotraitement à des orpailleurs illégaux, après une formation adaptée, dans des zones stratégiques transfrontalières. L'évaluation s'est appuyée sur des questionnaires lors des visites d'inclusion et de suivi, et sur des enquêtes pré/post intervention. L'indicateur principal était la proportion de personnes déclarant avoir utilisé une ACT certifiée après un diagnostic positif de paludisme. Les indicateurs secondaires reposaient sur l'adhérence aux traitements antipaludiques, l'utilisation des kits et l'impact sur l'épidémiologie du paludisme. Résultats: La proportion de patients déclarant une utilisation d'ACT certifiée après un diagnostic positif a augmenté après l'intervention (OR 1,8, 95%CI [1,1-3,0]). D'avril 2018 à mars 2020, 3 733 personnes ont participé à l'intervention. Le kit a été utilisé correctement par 71,7% [65,8-77,7] des 223 personnes revues en visites de suivi ayant déclaré avoir utilisé un malakit. Aucun événement indésirable grave lié à une mauvaise utilisation du malakit n'a été signalé. L'intervention semble avoir accéléré la diminution de l'incidence du paludisme dans la région de 42,9%. Interprétation: Ce projet international innovant a montré que les personnes ayant un faible niveau d'éducation peuvent se prendre en charge par eux-mêmes pour des symptômes de paludisme. Cette stratégie pourrait être intégrée dans les programmes de lutte contre le paludisme des pays impliqués et envisagée dans d'autres régions où du paludisme résiduel persiste dans des zones isolées. Financement: Ce projet a été financé par l'Union Européenne, le Fonds Mondial, le Ministère de la santé du Brésil, le Centre Hospitalier de Cayenne et l'Agence Régionale de Santé de Guyane.

Indexed as

Amazon forestAmericasinterventional researchmalaria controlmobile populationquasi-experimental designself-diagnosisself-treatmentvulnerable population

Identifiers

PMID36776708
PMCPMC9903903

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.