ArticleBMC women's health2023
Utilizing first void urine for high-risk HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in HIV-positive women in Katete, Zambia.
Article in BMC women's health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions and Strategies to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening, Treatment, and Retention in Care among Persons with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of three different hpv self-sampling tools - a subanalysis of the prospective, randomized hannover self-collection study.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026Trial
- Article
- Feasibility of First-Void Urinary and Vaginal Self-Sampling for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Testing Among Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Guinea-Bissau-A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of medical virology · 2025Article
- A review of urinary HPV testing for cervical cancer management and HPV vaccine surveillance: rationale, strategies, and limitations.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe World Health Organization targets to screen 70% of women worldwide twice for cervical cancer by the year 2030, first by age of 35, and again by the age of 45. However, with the current low screening coverage in many developing countries, this may not be achieved because the invasive sampling method is unacceptable to some. In Zambia, for instance, despite the availability of free cervical cancer screening through the establishment of the Cervical Cancer Prevention Programme, some women are still reluctant to go for screening. First void urine sampling is non-invasive and thus has the potential to increase screening coverage. We aimed to determine the performance of first void urine for high-risk human papillomavirus DNA detection, the prevalence of high-risk HPV, and the acceptability of first void urine sampling. MATERIALS AND
methodA comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 HIV- infected women at St Francis' Hospital in Zambia, attending the routine HIV/AIDS services and cervical cancer screening. 17 mL of first void urine sample collected by each participant was immediately mixed with 3 mL of 0.5 M EDTA preservative solution before cervical sample collection by the clinician. For testing, 2 mL of first void urine and 1 mL of the cervical sample were tested using the GeneXpert platform. An interview-based questionnaire was used to gather data on the acceptability of first void urine sampling. Data was analyzed using Stata version 17.
resultsThe mean age of the participants was 42.58 years (95% CI 40.98-44.19; SD 8.01). High-risk HPV prevalence was 34% (95% CI 24%-43.9%) in both cervical and first void urine samples. Sensitivity and specificity were 84.8% (95% CI 68.1%-94.9%) and 92.3% (83%-97.5%), respectively. There was 89.80% agreement between the samples (κ = 0.77; 95% CI 0.64-0.91). First void urine sampling was highly accepted.
conclusionHigh-risk HPV DNA can be detected in first void urine samples using the GeneXpert, with a substantial agreement with cervical samples. An affordable preservative such as Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid can prevent DNA degradation. With optimization, first void urine sampling has the potential to increase screening coverage.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.