ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2022
Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern Scores Are Not Associated with Worse Cognitive Performance in the Nurses' Health Study.
Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Patterns and Indicators of Cognitive Function.JAMA neurology · 2026Article
- From nutrient-based to food-based assessment: the evolution of inflammatory indices and their significance for metabolic syndrome and type 3 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Impact of Diverse Dietary Patterns on Cognitive Health: Cumulative Evidence from Prospective Cohort Studies.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Longitudinal Association of Inflammatory Diets on Cognition in Older Adults: Insights from the Oral-Gut-Brain Axis.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2025Article
- Association between dietary inflammatory index score and incident dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- The association between empirical dietary inflammatory pattern and colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study.BMC nutrition · 2023Article
- Association of pro-inflammatory diet with increased risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's dementia: a prospective study of 166,377 UK Biobank participants.BMC medicine · 2023Article
- The relationship between dietary patterns derived from inflammation and cognitive impairment in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundLow-grade chronic inflammation associated with unhealthy diets may lead to cognitive aging.
objectivesWe evaluated whether higher long-term adherence to an empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) was associated with lower cognitive function after age 70 y in the Nurses' Health Study.
methodsA total of 16,058 older (mean ± SD age: 74 ± 2 y) highly educated (≥ bachelor degree) White women completed up to 5 validated 116-item food-frequency questionnaires. An EDIP score, previously derived with the use of reduced rank regression to predict circulating inflammatory markers (i.e., C-reactive protein, TNF-α receptor 2, and IL-6), was computed based on 9 anti-inflammatory and 9 proinflammatory components. A long-term EDIP score was calculated by averaging across 5 exams. The EDIP score was categorized into quintiles, taking the first (anti-inflammatory) quintile as the reference category. Cognitive testing was performed through telephone interviews over 4 follow-up exams (1995-2008). A composite global cognition score, a composite verbal memory score, and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) were calculated and averaged across the 4 exams (6 y of follow-up). Multivariable linear regressions were used to examine longitudinal relations under study.
resultsHigher long-term EDIP scores (i.e., more proinflammatory) were significantly associated with worse performance on global cognitive function (P-trend= 0.018) and TICS (P-trend= 0.004) after adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors. The associations became nonsignificant after additional adjustments for disease (related) risk factors for dementia. No association was observed between the EDIP score and verbal memory.
conclusionsWe observed no relation between long-term EDIP scores and averaged global cognitive function and verbal memory among older women. Our findings suggest no relation between long-term adherence to a proinflammatory diet and cognitive function in a large population of mostly White and generally highly educated older women. Future studies are encouraged to investigate the relation between inflammatory diets and cognitive function in other races/ethnicities and men, and over a longer follow-up period.
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