ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Development of Real-Time Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement Systems with ECG Electrodes and a Microphone Using Pulse Transit Time (PTT).
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- From Cuffs to Code: Machine Learning in Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring.Anaesthesia, critical care & pain medicine · 2026Review
- Innovative Wearable Platform for Synchronized Biosignals Acquisition: A Proof of Concept in a Cuff-Less Blood Pressure Monitoring Case Study.IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine · 2026Article
- Noninvasive On-Skin Biosensors for Monitoring Diabetes Mellitus.Nano-micro letters · 2025Review
- Visual Indicator for Intradialytic Hypotension Prediction Using Variation and Compensation of Heart Rate.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Development of a Personalized Multiclass Classification Model to Detect Blood Pressure Variations Associated with Physical or Cognitive Workload.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Practical Application of a New Cuffless Blood Pressure Measurement Method.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2023Article
- Sphygmomanometer Dynamic Pressure Measurement Using a Condenser Microphone.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Intraoperative Beat-to-Beat Pulse Transit Time (PTT) Monitoring via Non-Invasive Piezoelectric/Piezocapacitive Peripheral Sensors Can Predict Changes in Invasively Acquired Blood Pressure in High-Risk Surgical Patients.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Research has shown that pulse transit time (PTT), which is the time delay between the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal and the signal from a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor, can be used to estimate systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) without the need for a cuff. However, the LED of the PPG sensor requires the precise adjustment of both light intensity and light absorption rates according to the contact status of the light-receiving element. This results in the need for regular calibration. In this study, we propose a cuffless blood pressure monitor that measures real-time blood pressure using a microphone instead of a PPG sensor. The blood pulse wave is measured in the radial artery of the wrist using a microphone that can directly measure the sound generated by a body rather than sending energy inside the body and receiving a returning signal. Our blood pressure monitor uses the PTT between the R-peak of the ECG signal and two feature points of the blood pulse wave in the radial artery of the wrist. ECG electrodes and circuits were fabricated, and a commercial microelectromechanical system (MEMS) microphone was used as the microphone to measure blood pulses. The peak points of the blood pulse from the microphone were clear, so the estimated SBP and DBP could be obtained from each ECG pulse in real time, and the resulting estimations were similar to those made by a commercial cuff blood pressure monitor. Since neither the ECG electrodes nor the microphone requires calibration over time, the real-time cuffless blood pressure monitor does not require calibration. Using the developed device, blood pressure was measured three times daily for five days, and the mean absolute error (MAE) and standard deviation (SD) of the SBP and DBP were found to be 2.72 ± 3.42 mmHg and 2.29 ± 3.53 mmHg, respectively. As a preliminary study for proof-of-concept, these results were obtained from one subject. The next step will be a pilot study on a large number of subjects.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.