Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36771409›Full record

ReviewNutrients2023

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Metabolic Risk in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Narrative Review.

Valeria Calcaterra, Hellas Cena, Vittoria Carlotta Magenes, Alessandra Vincenti, Giulia Comola, Alice Beretta, Ilaria Di Napoli, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07357857 (Effectiveness of the "High Five!" Program for Reducing the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Early School-age Children), which is not on this map. Cited by 67 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07357857 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Effectiveness of the "High Five!" Program for Reducing the Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Early School-age Children

TypeinterventionalSponsorInstitute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, PolandRan2025 to 2025Enrolled659ConditionsOverweight, Childhood, Obesity Prevention, Blood PressureArmsHigh Five
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Valeria CalcaterraDepartment of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2137-5974
Hellas CenaLaboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5752-6199
Vittoria Carlotta MagenesPediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy.
Alessandra VincentiLaboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5142-1249
Giulia ComolaPediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy.
Alice BerettaLaboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3090-1446
Ilaria Di NapoliLaboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3382-675X
Gianvincenzo ZuccottiPediatric Department, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milano, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2795-9874

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are major contributors of free sugars to the diet. A strong relationship between SSB intake and weight gain is described.

methodswe performed a narrative review to present an overview of the role of SSBs as a pivotal contributor in the development of obesity and metabolism-related complications.

resultsdifferent factors influence SSB consumption in children, including economic variables, individual attributes and behaviors to environmental factors, parent features and parents' behaviors. Data suggest that SSB intake has a negative effect on weight and obesity-related diseases. The leading mechanism linking SSB intake to the risk of gaining weight is decreased satiety and incomplete compensatory reduction in energy intake at meals following ingestion of liquid calories. Additionally, the effects of SSBs on gut microbiota and on eating behaviors were also reported. An association between SSB intake, weight gain and cardiometabolic risks is evident. Consumption of SSBs had a significant impact on the prevalence of obesity and related metabolic risks, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome.

conclusionsLimiting consumption of SSBs and increasing knowledge of the effect of SSBs on early metabolic and cardiovascular disorders will be useful in developing strategies to counteract the problem and to prevent obesity and related complications.Key future research areas for which further studies are needed include investigating the long-term effects of SSBs on health outcomes as well as analyzing the health effects of sugar consumed in solid compared to liquid forms and further elucidating the biological mechanisms of sugar addiction and energy compensation.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Pediatric ObesitySugar-Sweetened BeveragesAdolescentBeveragesChildHumansSugarsWeight GainSugarsadolescentschildhood obesitychildrenmetabolic syndromesugar-sweetened beverages

Identifiers

PMID36771409
PMCPMC9918944

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.