ArticleNutrients2023
Combining Phenylalanine and Leucine Levels Predicts 30-Day Mortality in Critically Ill Patients Better than Traditional Risk Factors with Multicenter Validation.
Article in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of leucine and other branched chain amino acids with clinical outcomes in malnourished inpatients: a secondary analysis of the randomized clinical trial EFFORT.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Trial
- Untangling amino acid metabolism in renal diseases: mechanisms, dysregulation, and critical gaps.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Review
- Low, Intermediate, and High Glutamine Levels Are Progressively Associated with Increased Lymphopenia, a Diminished Inflammatory Response, and Higher Mortality in Internal Medicine Patients with Sepsis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Serum tyrosine increases all-cause mortality in an older population.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Association of phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism with mortality and response to nutritional support among patients at nutritional risk: a secondary analysis of the randomized clinical trial EFFORT.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In critically ill patients, risk scores are used; however, they do not provide information for nutritional intervention. This study combined the levels of phenylalanine and leucine amino acids (PLA) to improve 30-day mortality prediction in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and to see whether PLA could help interpret the nutritional phases of critical illness. We recruited 676 patients with APACHE II scores ≥ 15 or intubated due to respiratory failure in ICUs, including 537 and 139 patients in the initiation and validation (multicenter) cohorts, respectively. In the initiation cohort, phenylalanine ≥ 88.5 μM (indicating metabolic disturbance) and leucine < 68.9 μM (indicating malnutrition) were associated with higher mortality rate. Based on different levels of phenylalanine and leucine, we developed PLA scores. In different models of multivariable analyses, PLA scores predicted 30-day mortality independent of traditional risk scores (
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Registered trials
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