ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2023
Association of Shunt Size and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke and Patent Foramen Ovale on Medical Management.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Quantitative assessment and clinical value of right-to-left shunt in patent foramen ovale using three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography combined with right-heart contrast: a prospective study.Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy · 2026Article
- To dig oneself into a hole or to dig the tunnel to the core? A study on the Swartz sheath support strategy for patent foramen ovale closure in migraine patients.Journal of translational internal medicine · 2026Article
- Right-to-left shunt is associated with reduced cerebral vascular reactivity in migraine patients with aura.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Observational
- Electrocardiographic Predictors of High-Risk Patent Foramen Ovale Anatomy Defined by Transesophageal Echocardiography.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Association of Slender Patent Ductus Arteriosus Combined With PFO Related to the Transient Ischemic Attack: A Rare Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- In-hospital outcomes of acute ischaemic stroke patients with atrial septal defect. A national inpatient sample study.American journal of cardiovascular disease · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPatent foramen ovale (PFO) is a potential source of cardiac embolism in cryptogenic ischemic stroke, but it may also be incidental. Right-to-left shunt (RLS) size may predict PFO-related stroke, but results have been controversial. In this cohort study of medically-managed PFO patients with cryptogenic stroke, we aimed to investigate the association of shunt size with recurrent stroke, mortality, newly detected atrial fibrillation (AF), and to identify predictors of recurrent stroke.
methodsPatients with cryptogenic stroke who screened positive for a RLS using a transcranial Doppler bubble study were included. Patients who underwent PFO closure were excluded. Subjects were divided into two groups: small (Spencer Grade 1, 2, or 3;
resultsThe study cohort included 234 cryptogenic stroke patients with medically-managed PFO. The mean age was 50.5 years, and 31.2% were female. The median period of follow-up was 348 (IQR 147-1096) days. The rate of recurrent ischemic stroke was higher in patients with large shunts than in those with small shunts (8.1% vs. 2.2%,
conclusionsIn our cohort of cryptogenic stroke patients with medically managed PFOs, those with large shunts were at a higher risk of recurrent stroke events, independently of RoPE score and left atrium diameter.
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