ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
A Comprehensive Review of mRNA Vaccines.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 258 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
258 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- [Vaccination of immunocompromised individuals: Expert opinion - update 2026].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials Using mRNA Vaccines for Infectious Diseases other than COVID-19.British journal of biomedical science · 2025Pooled it
- Safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in children and adult patients with rheumatic diseases: a comprehensive literature review.Rheumatology international · 2024Pooled it
- Shared clinical and immunologic features of mRNA vaccines: preliminary results from a comparative clinical study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Codon-dependent translation of N1-ethylpseudouridine-modified mRNA reduces innate immunity while preserving vaccine immunogenicity.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- mRNA vaccines and therapeutics beyond COVID-19: A review of the global clinical development landscape, low- and middle-income countries involvement and relevance to their contexts.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- Mumps resurgence despite MMR: Limitations of current vaccines and the need for new strategies.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Review
- An mRNA-LNP vaccine expressing TP0435 provides protective immunity in rabbits againstEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Review
- Projected lives saved and economic value of mRNA cancer immunotherapies in the United States.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Review
- Towards mRNA therapeutics 2.0.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccines: current status, challenges and future prospects.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Review
- Continuity of Vaccination Across the Life Course: Poland in Comparison with Selected EU/EEA Countries and the United Kingdom.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Research Progress, Application, and Industrialization Prospects of Circular RNA Vaccines in Viral Diseases.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Advancing Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry for Characterizing Large, Intact mRNA Constructs.Analytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Beyond the genetic code: orchestrating epigenetic and immune landscapes with multivalent mRNA-exosome vaccines.Precision clinical medicine · 2026Review
- KRAS signaling networks, mutational heterogeneity, and emerging therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Pre-Clinical Development of Two DNA Vaccines Encoding MrkA of Klebsiella pneumoniae: Effect of Plasmid Backbone on Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy Against Sepsis.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Article
198 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
mRNA vaccines have been demonstrated as a powerful alternative to traditional conventional vaccines because of their high potency, safety and efficacy, capacity for rapid clinical development, and potential for rapid, low-cost manufacturing. These vaccines have progressed from being a mere curiosity to emerging as COVID-19 pandemic vaccine front-runners. The advancements in the field of nanotechnology for developing delivery vehicles for mRNA vaccines are highly significant. In this review we have summarized each and every aspect of the mRNA vaccine. The article describes the mRNA structure, its pharmacological function of immunity induction, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), and the upstream, downstream, and formulation process of mRNA vaccine manufacturing. Additionally, mRNA vaccines in clinical trials are also described. A deep dive into the future perspectives of mRNA vaccines, such as its freeze-drying, delivery systems, and LNPs targeting antigen-presenting cells and dendritic cells, are also summarized.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.