ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Role of Sex and Age in Fatal Outcomes of COVID-19: Women and Older Centenarians Are More Resilient.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Why Some People Live Past 100: The Role of the Immune System in Centenarians, Semi-Supercentenarians and Supercentenarians.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The 'Health Collapse Spiral': A 35-Month Longitudinal Case Study of Physiological Reserve Depletion in a Centenarian Following COVID-19.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Th1/Th2 immune regulation and functional resilience in older adults following severe COVID-19: a prospective cohort study.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Emergency trauma admissions in the oldest-old: short- and long-term mortality and the role of frailty in a Turkish national cohort of centenarians.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Article
- A machine learning model exploring the relationship between chronic medication and COVID-19 clinical outcomes.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2025Article
- Editorial: Immunity in aging and age-related diseases and dysfunctions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Centenarians, semi and supercentenarians, COVID-19 and Spanish flu: a serological assessment to gain insight into the resilience of older centenarians to COVID-19.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Approaching Personalized Medicine: The Use of Machine Learning to Determine Predictors of Mortality in a Population with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Sicilian semi- and supercentenarians: identification of age-related T-cell immunophenotype to define longevity trait.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2023Article
- The Phenotypic Characterization of the Oldest Italian Man from December 28, 2020, to September 23, 2021, A.T., Strengthens the Idea That the Immune System can Play a Key Role in the Attainment of Extreme Longevity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Advances in Molecular Medicine: Unravelling Disease Complexity and Pioneering Precision Healthcare.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Sex-Related Differences in the Pharmacological Response in SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Dyslipidemia, and Diabetes Mellitus: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Sex and gender affect immune aging.Frontiers in aging · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In the present paper, we have analysed the role of age and sex in the fatal outcome of COVID-19, as there are conflicting results in the literature. As such, we have answered three controversial questions regarding this aspect of the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) Have women been more resilient than men? (2) Did centenarians die less than the remaining older people? (3) Were older centenarians more resistant to SARS-CoV-2 than younger centenarians? The literature review demonstrated that: (1) it is women who are more resilient, in agreement with data showing that women live longer than men even during severe famines and epidemics; however, there are conflicting data regarding centenarian men; (2) centenarians overall did not die less than remaining older people, likely linked to their frailty; (3) in the first pandemic wave of 2020, centenarians > 101 years old (i.e., born before 1919), but not "younger centenarians", have been more resilient to COVID-19 and this may be related to the 1918 Spanish flu epidemic, although it is unclear what the mechanisms might be involved.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.