ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Cytokine Imbalance as a Biomarker of Intervertebral Disk Degeneration.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Causal links between multi-domain risk factors and intervertebral disc degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization studies.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of pulsed electromagnetic fields on intervertebral disc degeneration: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Frontiers in aging · 2026Pooled it
- Global trends in cervical spondylosis research: a bibliometric analysis based on the Web of Science.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical investigation of plasma HIF-1α and inflammatory biomarkers in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease receiving acupuncture treatment.Veterinary research communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Association between weight-adjusted waist and incidence of low back pain: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Review
- A SASP-related four-gene signature associated with intervertebral disc degeneration: integrated bioinformatics analysis and validation of pinocembrin as a therapeutic candidate.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Alteration of microRNA Expression Associated with Chronic Back Pain in Patients with Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Scoping Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Clinical study on the therapeutic effect of large-area cupping therapy for lumbar disc herniation of cold-damp type (a Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome).Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Dietary inadequacies and their association with pain severity and disc degeneration in patients surgically treated for degenerative lumbosacral spine disorders.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Spinal manipulative therapy promotes nucleus pulposus resorption and alleviates pain in a rat model of lumbar disc herniation via JNK-dependent regulation of inflammation and tissue remodeling.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- The multifaceted role of SQSTM1/p62 in disc degeneration: A master regulator of cellular stress responses.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Exploring upstream and downstream causality of inflammatory cytokines in intervertebral disc degeneration: a bidirectional, two-sample Mendelian randomization study.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Article
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- Role of macrophage in intervertebral disc degeneration.Bone research · 2025Review
- Proteolytic enzyme models as tunable preclinical platforms for investigating intervertebral disc degeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Innovative Approaches for the Treatment of Spinal Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine · 2025Article
- The role of IL-18 and IL-33 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of children with severe community-acquired pneumonia complicated with pleural effusion.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Unveiling the role of CXCL8/CXCR2 in intervertebral disc degeneration: A path to promising therapeutic strategies.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD) and its associated conditions are an important problem in modern medicine. The onset of IDD may be in childhood and adolescence in patients with a genetic predisposition. IDD progresses with age, leading to spondylosis, spondylarthrosis, intervertebral disk herniation, and spinal stenosis. The purpose of this review is an attempt to summarize the data characterizing the patterns of production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in IDD and to appreciate the prognostic value of cytokine imbalance as its biomarker. This narrative review demonstrates that the problem of evaluating the contribution of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines to the maintenance or alteration of cytokine balance may be a new key to unlocking the mystery of IDD development and new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of IDD in the setting of acute and chronic inflammation. The presented data support the hypothesis that cytokine imbalance is one of the most important biomarkers of IDD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.