Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36768647›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023

Effective or Harmful-Evaluation of Locally Applied Antibiotics on Adipose Tissue during Lipofilling to the Breast-An In Vitro Study.

Yannick F Diehm, Emre Gazyakan, Yiping Wang, Laura C Siegwart, Valentin Haug, Dimitra Kotsougiani-Fischer, Ulrich Kneser, Sebastian Fischer

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Rectus Abdominis Fat Grafting: Outcomes and Safety.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yannick F DiehmDepartment of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8073-3009
Emre GazyakanDepartment of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2826-2793
Yiping WangDepartment of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Laura C SiegwartDepartment of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Valentin HaugDepartment of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Dimitra Kotsougiani-FischerDepartment of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Ulrich KneserDepartment of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3402-2860
Sebastian FischerDepartment of Hand-, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, BG Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Heidelberg University, Ludwig-Guttmann-Strasse 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lipofilling is a frequently used and safe procedure for breast reconstruction. One of the most feared complications is soft tissue infection following lipofilling. Because of this, some surgeons propose the practice of rinsing fat grafts with antibiotics. This study investigates the effect of antibiotic rinses on fat grafts in an in vitro model. Adipocytes and stem cells were isolated from fat tissue harvested during 24 lipofilling procedures and incubated with different doses of clindamycin or cefazolin. Cell viability, metabolism, proliferation, and differentiation capacities were analyzed by gross morphology, fluorescence staining, -(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromid (MTT-), and Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G3PD)-assay as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS)-assay. Cefazolin and clindamycin led to significant reduction of cell viability of adipocytes. High doses of both antibiotics led to a rupture of adipocytes with visible free lipid droplets. Cell metabolism was significantly decreased after incubation with both antibiotics. There was a significant increase in ROS production. Exposure to clindamycin and cefazolin led to morphological changes in stem cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, differentiation potential was significantly reduced. Antibiotic susceptibility testing, however, showed that low concentrations of antibiotics effectively inhibited bacterial growth in contaminated fat grafts. This study confirms that rinsing fat grafts with clindamycin or cefazolin not only overly prevents infection but also has cytotoxic and metabolic effects on adipocytes. Therefore, based on these results, the routine clinical application in high doses cannot be recommended.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsCefazolinAdipose TissueClindamycinReactive Oxygen SpeciesAnti-Bacterial AgentsCefazolinClindamycinReactive Oxygen Speciesantibioticsbreast cancerbreast reconstructionlipofillingpostoperative infection

Identifiers

PMID36768647
PMCPMC9917044

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.