Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36768551›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023

The Utility of Amino Acid Metabolites in the Diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder and Correlations with Depression Severity.

Cyrus Su Hui Ho, Gabrielle Wann Nii Tay, Hai Ning Wee, Jianhong Ching

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Gender Differences and Comorbidities in Major Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Cyrus Su Hui HoDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
Gabrielle Wann Nii TayDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
Hai Ning WeeCardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-2898-0648
Jianhong ChingCardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore.ORCID 0000-0003-1526-8459

Funding

National University Health System, Singapore NR19MRF015
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent and disabling condition with a high disease burden. There are currently no validated biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of MDD. This study assessed serum amino acid metabolite changes between MDD patients and healthy controls (HCs) and their association with disease severity and diagnostic utility. In total, 70 MDD patients and 70 HCs matched in age, gender, and ethnicity were recruited for the study. For amino acid profiling, serum samples were analysed and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to classify putative candidate biomarkers. MDD patients had significantly higher serum levels of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and glycine but lower levels of 3-Hydroxykynurenine; glutamic acid and phenylalanine levels also correlated with depression severity. Combining these four metabolites allowed for accurate discrimination of MDD patients and HCs, with 65.7% of depressed patients and 62.9% of HCs correctly classified. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine and 3-Hydroxykynurenine may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers, whereas glutamic acid and phenylalanine may be markers for depression severity. To elucidate the association between these indicators and clinical features, it is necessary to conduct additional studies with larger sample sizes that involve a spectrum of depressive symptomatology.

Indexed as

Amino AcidsMajor Depressive DisorderAspartic AcidBiomarkersDepressionGlutamic AcidGlycineHumansPhenylalanineAmino AcidsAspartic AcidBiomarkersGlutamic AcidGlycinePhenylalanineamino acidsdepressive severitydiagnosticmajor depressive disorder

Identifiers

PMID36768551
PMCPMC9916471

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.