ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Hydroxytyrosol Reduces Foam Cell Formation and Endothelial Inflammation Regulating the PPARγ/LXRα/ABCA1 Pathway.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mediterranean Diet Modulates Gene Expression of Cholesterol Efflux Receptors in High-Risk Cardiovascular Patients.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Trial
- Daidzein Mitigates Nicotine-Induced Atherogenesis via Nrf2/ROS/TXNIP-Dependent Inhibition of Macrophage Pyroptosis and Lipid Accumulation.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Targeting of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors for Prevention of Radiation-induced Cognitive Decline.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Review
- Enhanced Anti-Atherogenic Effects of Epicatechin and Hydroxytyrosol in THP-1 Macrophages: An Integrated In Silico and In Vitro Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Benefits ofFood science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Research progress on targeted regulatory proteins in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Polyphenol-Microbiota Interactions in Atherosclerosis: The Role of Hydroxytyrosol and Tyrosol in Modulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Biological Activities Underlying the Cardiovascular Benefits of Olive Oil Polyphenols: Focus on Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Atherogenic Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Traditional processing unlocks anti-atherogenic potential of perilla fruit via PPAR-γ activation by luteolin.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2025Article
- Circular RNAs in Cardiovascular Physiopathology: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Hybrid Aptamer Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles for Reducing Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Internalization by Macrophages.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- PPARs in atherosclerosis: The spatial and temporal features from mechanism to druggable targets.Journal of advanced research · 2025Review
- Multienzyme cascade for synthesis of hydroxytyrosol via engineered Escherichia coli.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Discovery andFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Natural Products to Promote Vascular Health.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2025Review
- The Role of Lipids in Atherosclerosis: Focus on Molecular Biology Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Oleaceae plants: a source of metabolites with atheroprotective potential.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Role ofCurrent medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Olive tree at the intersection of environment, public health, and One Health: a sustainable path to global wellbeing.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cholesterol accumulation in macrophages leads to the formation of foam cells and increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis. We have verified whether hydroxytyrosol (HT), a phenolic compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, can reduce the cholesterol build up in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. We have also investigated the potential mechanisms. Oil Red O staining and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays were utilized to detect cellular lipid accumulation and cholesterol content, respectively, in THP-1 macrophages foam cells treated with HT. The impact of HT on cholesterol metabolism-related molecules (SR-A1, CD36, LOX-1, ABCA1, ABCG1, PPARγ and LRX-α) in foam cells was assessed using real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analyses. Finally, the effect of HT on the adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) was analyzed to study endothelial activation. We found that HT activates the PPARγ/LXRα pathway to upregulate ABCA1 expression, reducing cholesterol accumulation in foam cells. Moreover, HT significantly inhibited monocyte adhesion and reduced the levels of adhesion factors (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6 and TNF-α) in LPS-induced endothelial cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that HT, with its ability to interfere with the import and export of cholesterol, could represent a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic disease.
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