ArticleCells2023
Comparison of Radiation Response between 2D and 3D Cell Culture Models of Different Human Cancer Cell Lines.
Article in Cells, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimization of 3D Spheroid Models of Ovarian, Breast, and Gastric Cancer for Comparative Screening of Drug Candidates.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Comparison of volumetric dynamic optical coherence tomography with biological methods for evaluation of radiation effects in prostate tumor spheroids.Journal of biomedical optics · 2026Article
- Radiomics analysis of 3D spheroids captures irradiation-induced structural and textural changes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comparison of In Vitro and Clinical Alpha/Beta Estimates With Potential Impact of Tumor Heterogeneity.Advances in radiation oncology · 2026Article
- New approach methodologies for next-generation risk assessment of nanomaterials and nano-enabled products.Nano convergence · 2026Review
- Effects of Nonionizing Millimeter-Wave on Spheroid-like Irradiated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- An overview of the developments in 3D cancer cell models, assay techniques, and imaging modalities.Human cell · 2026Review
- Using advanced cell models for targeted radionuclide therapy evaluation: increased efficacy in 3D versus 2D.EJNMMI research · 2026Article
- Physiologically Relevant Organotypic Tissue Slice Model for Evaluating Cell Responses to Ionizing Radiation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Fe/Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- The rise of 3D spheroids in radiobiology for assessing tumour radioresistance.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of molecular targeted radiosensitizers in 2D and 3D cancer cell line models.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2025Article
- Distinct molecular responses of human intestinal organoids to proton and photon radiation.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2025Article
- From Semantic Modeling to Precision Radiotherapy: An AI Framework Linking Radiobiology, Oncology, and Public Health Integration.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Gellan Gum-based Bioink for Bioprinting of a Mechanically Mimetic 3D in vitro Liver Model.In vitro models · 2025Article
- Human glioblastoma (U87) cells grown in 3D culture showed a radio-resistance to X-ray and proton radiation.Radiological physics and technology · 2025Article
- A 3D Co-Culture Scaffold Approach to Assess Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy Bystander and Abscopal Immune Effects on Clonogenic Survival.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Engineered Cell Microenvironments: A Benchmark Tool for Radiobiology.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Review
- Exploring the effects of gut microbiota on cholangiocarcinoma progression by patient-derived organoids.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Radiation therapy is one of the most effective tools in cancer therapy. However, success varies individually, necessitating improved understanding of radiobiology. Three-dimensional (3D) tumor spheroids are increasingly gaining attention, being a superior in vitro cancer model compared to 2D cell cultures. This in vitro study aimed at comparing radiation responses in 2D and 3D cell culture models of different human cancer cell lines (PC-3, LNCaP and T-47D) irradiated with varying doses (1, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 20 Gy) of X-ray beams. Radiation response was analyzed by growth analysis, various cell viability assays (e.g., clonogenic assay, resazurin assay) and amount of DNA damage (γH2AX Western Blot). Results showed decreasing cell proliferation with the increase of radiation doses for all cell lines in monolayers and spheroids of LNCaP and T-47D. However, significantly lower radiosensitivity was detected in spheroids, most pronounced in PC-3, evincing radiation resistance of PC-3 spheroids up to 8 Gy and significant growth inhibition only by a dose escalation of 20 Gy. Cell line comparison showed highest radiosensitivity in LNCaP, followed by T-47D and PC-3 in 2D, whereas, in 3D, T-47D showed highest sensitivity. The results substantiate the significant differences in radiobiological response to X-rays between 2D and 3D cell culture models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.