ArticleIntensive care medicine2023
Epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections in intensive care unit patients: the EUROBACT-2 international cohort study.
Article in Intensive care medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06738771 (Antimicrobial Therapy for Infections Due to Pseudomonas Aeruginosa With Difficult-to-treat Resistance), which is not on this map. Cited by 158 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antimicrobial Therapy for Infections Due to Pseudomonas Aeruginosa With Difficult-to-treat Resistance: a Real-world, Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study
Who cites it
158 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 233 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of molecular rapid diagnostic testing on clinical outcomes in bloodstream infections: a meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Mortality and genetic diversity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with bloodstream infections: a systemic review and genomic analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery and Restricted Diet on Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Egyptian Subjects with Morbid Obesity.Obesity surgery · 2026Trial
- Clinical course of patients with bloodstream infections enrolled in the BALANCE clinical trial.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- Seven versus 14 days of antimicrobial therapy for severe multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections in intensive care unit patients (OPTIMISE): a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority clinical trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Trial
- Sprayable lipid-based lubricated hydrogel coating for alleviating catheter-related mucosal damage and pain.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Resistance phenotype, infection source, and empirical therapy in ICU-onset gram-negative bloodstream infections: Associations with 30-day mortality.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Comparative evaluation of probe-capture and conventional metagenomic sequencing across multiple clinical sample types, with analysis of paired bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood samples.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Performance of the Qvella FAST system with downstream application of MALDI-TOF-MS, VITEK 2, and β-LACTA test for same-day identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Gram-negative rods directly from positive blood cultures.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- From Oral Candidiasis to Candidemia: A Review of Superficial to Invasive Progression.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Machine learning-based prediction of E. coli infection in hospitalized patients using a no-code analytical framework.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Emergence of antimicrobial resistance in New Caledonia: 20-year trends from laboratory-based surveillance (2005-2024).The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2026Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors associated with bacteremia caused by intrinsically colistin-resistant gram-negative microorganisms: a case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Emulating a target trial of early compared with late initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy for hospital-acquired monobacterial Gram-negative bloodstream infections.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and quick SOFA(qSOFA) predict 30-day mortality in patients with HIV-associated Talaromycosis: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Procalcitonin Levels in ICU Patients with SARS-CoV-2-Associated Viral Sepsis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- A rapidly personalized in-hospital bloodstream infection prediction model: a multicenter retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Accelerated Increase in Candida auris Bloodstream Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic, South Africa.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Practice guideline on the prevention and treatment of central line-associated bloodstream infection: Part 1--Diagnosis and prevention.Journal of intensive medicine · 2026Article
- Derivation and validation of a new prediction score for bacteremia in the emergency department.Scientific reports · 2026Article
98 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 20 institutions in 22 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeIn the critically ill, hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (HA-BSI) are associated with significant mortality. Granular data are required for optimizing management, and developing guidelines and clinical trials.
methodsWe carried out a prospective international cohort study of adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) with HA-BSI treated in intensive care units (ICUs) between June 2019 and February 2021.
results2600 patients from 333 ICUs in 52 countries were included. 78% HA-BSI were ICU-acquired. Median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was 8 [IQR 5; 11] at HA-BSI diagnosis. Most frequent sources of infection included pneumonia (26.7%) and intravascular catheters (26.4%). Most frequent pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria (59.0%), predominantly Klebsiella spp. (27.9%), Acinetobacter spp. (20.3%), Escherichia coli (15.8%), and Pseudomonas spp. (14.3%). Carbapenem resistance was present in 37.8%, 84.6%, 7.4%, and 33.2%, respectively. Difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) was present in 23.5% and pan-drug resistance in 1.5%. Antimicrobial therapy was deemed adequate within 24 h for 51.5%. Antimicrobial resistance was associated with longer delays to adequate antimicrobial therapy. Source control was needed in 52.5% but not achieved in 18.2%. Mortality was 37.1%, and only 16.1% had been discharged alive from hospital by day-28.
conclusionsHA-BSI was frequently caused by Gram-negative, carbapenem-resistant and DTR pathogens. Antimicrobial resistance led to delays in adequate antimicrobial therapy. Mortality was high, and at day-28 only a minority of the patients were discharged alive from the hospital. Prevention of antimicrobial resistance and focusing on adequate antimicrobial therapy and source control are important to optimize patient management and outcomes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.