ArticleThe lancet. HIV2023
Effects of clinical, comorbid, and social determinants of health on brain ageing in people with and without HIV: a retrospective case-control study.
Article in The lancet. HIV, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and behavioral predictors of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder among people with HIV who use substances: a secondary analysis of the HOPE trial.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Trial
- Structural and social determinants of health shape the impact of neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular pathology on cognitive functioning in black adults.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Food insecurity and cardiometabolic diseases among people with HIV in West Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- The GrimAge clock corresponds to brain ageing and social determinants of health in people with HIV.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Context Matters: Mapping Social Determinants of Health and Physical Function in Older People with HIV Using Geolocation Data.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Changes in Cognition and Brain Imaging in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Comorbid HIV and Cocaine Use Exacerbate Accelerated Brain Aging.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Introducing the WHO ICOPE approach into HIV care: A perspective on healthy ageing in people living with HIV.JAR life · 2026Article
- The relationship between social network size and brain structure in older adults living with HIV.Brain imaging and behavior · 2025Article
- Cardiovascular risk factors and cognitive performance among people living with HIV: cross-sectional study in the country of Georgia.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Age Investigation in Athletes with Persistent Postconcussion Syndrome.Neurotrauma reports · 2025Article
- Area Deprivation Index and Frailty Among Older People With HIV.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2025Article
- Current Challenges, Solutions, and Novel Directions in Research and Clinical Care: Proceedings From the 14th Annual International Workshop on HIV and Aging.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Medial prefrontal cortex connectivity with the nucleus accumbens is related to HIV serostatus, perceptions of psychological stress, and monocyte expression of TNF-a.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Prevalence of medication overload among older people with HIV: a MedSafer study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Contributions of Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensities to Postural Instability in Aging With and Without Alcohol Use Disorder.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular Disease, Brain Glucose Metabolism, and Neurocognitive Decline in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- CD14+CD16+ monocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier is associated with HIV-NCI despite viral suppression.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Is the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Among U.S. Veterans Influenced by the Intersectionality of Housing Status, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis C, and Psychiatric Disorders?The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Article
- Identifying and distinguishing cognitive profiles among virally suppressed people with HIV.Neuropsychology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNeuroimaging reveals structural brain changes linked with HIV infection and related neurocognitive disorders; however, group-level comparisons between people with HIV and people without HIV do not account for within-group heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and adverse social determinants of health on brain ageing in people with HIV and people without HIV.
methodsIn this retrospective case-control study, people with HIV from Washington University in St Louis, MO, USA, and people without HIV identified through community organisations or the Research Participant Registry were clinically characterised and underwent 3-Tesla T
findingsIn people with HIV (mean age 44·8 years [SD 15·5]; 78% [296 of 379] male; 69% [260] Black; 78% [295] undetectable viral load), brain-age gap was associated with Framingham cardiovascular risk score (p=0·0034), detectable viral load (>50 copies per mL; p=0·0023), and hepatitis C co-infection (p=0·0065). After variable selection, the final model for people with HIV retained Framingham score, hepatitis C, and added unemployment (p=0·0015). Educational achievement assayed by reading proficiency was linked with reduced brain-age gap (p=0·016) for people without HIV but not for people with HIV, indicating a potential resilience factor. When people with HIV and people without HIV were modelled jointly, selection resulted in a model containing cardiovascular risk (p=0·0039), hepatitis C (p=0·037), Area Deprivation Index (p=0·033), and unemployment (p=0·00010). Male sex (p=0·078) and alcohol use history (p=0·090) were also included in the model but were not individually significant.
interpretationOur findings indicate that comorbid and social determinants of health are associated with brain ageing in people with HIV, alongside traditional HIV metrics such as viral load and CD4 cell count, suggesting the need for a broadened clinical perspective on healthy ageing with HIV, with additional focus on comorbidities, lifestyle changes, and social factors.
fundingNational Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Nursing Research, and National Institute of Drug Abuse.
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