ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Rural residence across the life course and late-life cognitive decline in KHANDLE: A causal inference study.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- National prevalence and care needs of dementia in adults aged ≥55 years: Findings from the china mental health survey summary box.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Article
- Young adult urbanicity, late midlife neighborhood disadvantage, and cognitive functioning in community-dwelling older men.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Early-life rural disadvantage and executive function in adulthood: The role of income and education.Journal of public health research · 2026Article
- Aging, Alzheimer's disease, and stroke: A 25-year longitudinal analysis of U.S. mortality trends.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
- Lifespan exposures to rural-urban conditions and later-life cognitive function.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Diverging cognitive benefits from education between rural and urban middle-aged and older adults in the USA.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Childhood Community Disadvantage and MRI-Derived Structural Brain Integrity After Age 65 Years.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Cognitive aging in rural communities: preliminary memory characterization of a community cohort from Southern Nevada.Frontiers in dementia · 2023Article
- A fresh look at the multi-level social determinants of disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
- Rural residence across the life course and late-life cognitive decline in KHANDLE: A causal inference study.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Modifiable risks for dementia are more prevalent in rural populations, yet there is a dearth of research examining life course rural residence on late-life cognitive decline. Methods: The association of rural residence and socioeconomic status (SES) in childhood and adulthood with late-life cognitive domains (verbal episodic memory, executive function, and semantic memory) and cognitive decline in the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences cohort was estimated using marginal structural models with stabilized inverse probability weights. Results: After adjusting for time-varying SES, the estimated marginal effect of rural residence in childhood was harmful for both executive function ( Conclusions: Childhood rurality is associated with poorer late-life cognition independent of SES.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.