ArticleFrontiers in neurology2023
Ultra-processed foods consumption is associated with multiple sclerosis severity.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fatigue as a modifier of diet quality in adults with Charcot Marie Tooth disease.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2026Article
- Anti-aging and Anti-inflammatory Dietary Interventions in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Linking Nutrients to Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis: Biological Evidence and Clinical Implications.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Ultra-processed food intake and brain health in middle-aged and older adults.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2025Article
- A multi-domain lifestyle intervention in multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal observational study.Journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- Gut microbiota in multiple sclerosis and animal models.The FEBS journal · 2025Review
- (Poly)phenols and Multiple Sclerosis: Results from an Observational Cross-Sectional Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Dietary Inflammatory Score (DIS)'s and Lifestyle Inflammatory Score (LIS)'s Impact on Multiple Sclerosis Severity.Nutrients · 2025Article
- From prevention to management: Exploring the impact of diet on multiple sclerosis.Translational neuroscience · 2025Review
- Effect of Diet and Dietary Patterns on the Progression of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review.Recent advances in food, nutrition & agriculture · 2025Review
- Associations between Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Quality of Life, and Mental Health in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Industrial Use of Phosphate Food Additives: A Mechanism Linking Ultra-Processed Food Intake to Cardiorenal Disease Risk?Nutrients · 2023Review
- Overview of diet and autoimmune demyelinating optic neuritis: a narrative review.Immunometabolism (Cobham, Surrey) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: MS is a chronic inflammatory neurological and immune-mediated disease of multifactorial etiology. Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) have been generally considered unhealthy due to their poor nutritional value. Emerging evidence suggests that factors other than their nutritional content may play an additional role toward chronic inflammation. Aim: To investigate the potential association of UPF consumption and MS severity in a group of MS Italian consecutive patients. Methods: Demographic (age, sex, marital status, educational level), neurological (EDSS, MSSS), and nutritional (anthropometric measures, dietary habits) information were collected. Physical activity and smoking habits were also investigated. Food items were grouped according to the NOVA classification. Patients were classified in two groups based on MS severity ("mild" and "moderate to high"). Results: Higher UPF consumption was associated with moderate-to-high MS severity compared to lower consumption in both the unadjusted model (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.04-5.01) and after adjustment for potential background (OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.04-5.83) and clinical confounding factors (OR = 2.97, 95% CI: 1.13-7.77). Conclusions: Although these results are only preliminary and hypothesis generating, it is important to explore how various aspects of the diet may relate to MS severity in order to identify the best strategy to support MS patients over the disease course.
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Registered trials
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