ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2023
Epstein-Barr virus as a leading cause of multiple sclerosis: mechanisms and implications.
Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 171 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
171 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 220 citations in OpenAlex.
- Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- A phase 2a open-label clinical trial to determine the effect of famciclovir on EBV activity as measured by EBV shedding in the saliva of patients with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Trial
- The Impact of Antigen Presentation on BBB Disruption and Neuroinflammation.Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Review
- Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modelling of Repeated Ocrelizumab Dosing in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026Observational
- HLA-DRB1 Polymorphisms Modulate the Dynamic Compatibility between the Presentation of EBNA1ACS omega · 2026Article
- CAR-T Cell Therapy and Gut Microbiota Modulation in Multiple Sclerosis: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies and Current Limitations.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Modulation of DNA Damage by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV).Viruses · 2026Review
- Genetic modification of obesity-associated disability progression in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Targeting progressive multiple sclerosis: Toward mechanism-informed precision medicine.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- [XVIII Post-ECTRIMS Meeting: Review of the New Developments Presented at the 2025 ECTRIMS Congress (Part I)].Revista de neurologia · 2026Article
- Article
- A dried blood spot protocol for high-throughput semi-quantitative analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus VCA IgG and EBNA IgG serologies based on the Roche Elecsys system.Virology journal · 2026Article
- A newly developed eGFP-traceable recombinant rhesus lymphocryptovirus, a tool to study viral infection and replicationJournal of virology · 2026Article
- Detangling knots: the intricate roles of G-quadruplexes in herpesvirus replication.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Epstein-Barr virus antibodies and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a pooled analysis of four prospective cohorts.Blood cancer journal · 2026Article
- EBV-informed multi-omics target prioritization and structure-based drug repurposing reveal potential therapeutic strategies for multiple sclerosis.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- iPSC-Derived 3D Brain Organoids as Next-generation Platforms to Study Viral and Toxicant-associated Neurodegeneration.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Epstein-Barr virus receptors: classification, functional mechanisms, and pathogenic implications.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Glial cells in chronic inflammation: diversity, dysfunction and therapeutic targeting.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Risk of Multiple Sclerosis Among Persons with Epstein Barr Virus-Positive Mononucleosis: A Population-Based Study.Neurology open access · 2026Article
111 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have provided compelling evidence that multiple sclerosis (MS) is a rare complication of infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a herpesvirus that infects more than 90% of the global population. This link was long suspected because the risk of MS increases markedly after infectious mononucleosis (symptomatic primary EBV infection) and with high titres of antibodies to specific EBV antigens. However, it was not until 2022 that a longitudinal study demonstrated that MS risk is minimal in individuals who are not infected with EBV and that it increases over 30-fold following EBV infection. Over the past few years, a number of studies have provided clues on the underlying mechanisms, which might help us to develop more targeted treatments for MS. In this Review, we discuss the evidence linking EBV to the development of MS and the mechanisms by which the virus is thought to cause the disease. Furthermore, we discuss implications for the treatment and prevention of MS, including the use of antivirals and vaccines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.