ArticleJournal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract2023
Total Neoadjuvant Therapy in Rectal Cancer: Multi-center Comparison of Induction Chemotherapy and Long-Course Chemoradiation Versus Short-Course Radiation and Consolidative Chemotherapy.
Article in Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Compliance and Toxicity of Total Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Pooled it
- De-escalated total neoadjuvant therapy for the non-operative management of rectal cancer: Results of the NOM-3/TNT prospective cohort study.Clinical and translational radiation oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Emergency rectal cancer: clinical presentation and therapeutic options.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Increasing age, neural invasion, extramural vascular invasion, and short-course radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer are associated with decreased tumor regression: a retrospective cohort study.Techniques in coloproctology · 2025Article
- Neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer-one year follow-up results of standard versus total neoadjuvant strategies.World journal of surgical oncology · 2024Article
- Optimal Sequence for Total Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: An Evidence-Based Review.Cancer medicine · 2024Review
- Recent advances in rectal cancer treatment - are we on the right track?Upsala journal of medical sciences · 2024Review
- The Predictors of Complete Pathologic Response in Rectal Cancer during the Total Neoadjuvant Therapy Era: A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTotal neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer may include induction chemotherapy and chemoradiation or short-course radiotherapy and consolidative chemotherapy.
methodsPatients with clinical stage 2 or 3 rectal cancer who received induction chemotherapy followed by long-course chemoradiation at the University of Colorado (2016-2020) or short-course radiotherapy followed by consolidative chemotherapy at Washington University (2017-2020) were assessed.
resultsEighty-four patients received induction chemotherapy and chemoradiation and 83 received short-course radiotherapy and consolidative chemotherapy. Among patients with complete re-staging evaluation, clinical complete response rates were similar, 49% (18/37) and 53% (44/83), respectively (p = 0.659). In the induction chemotherapy and chemoradiation group, 80% (n = 67) underwent surgery and 28% (n = 19) achieved a pathologic complete response. In the short-course radiotherapy and consolidative chemotherapy group, 44 (53%) patients underwent surgery and 11% (n = 5) had a pathologic complete response. Overall, a complete response was observed in 43% (n = 36) of patients who received induction chemotherapy and chemoradiation compared to 53% (n = 44) who received short-course radiotherapy and consolidative chemotherapy (p = 0.189). Perioperative outcomes were similar in patients who received induction chemotherapy and chemoradiation compared to short-course radiotherapy and consolidative chemotherapy: intraoperative complications (2% vs 7%), complete mesorectal specimen (85% vs 84%), anastomotic leak (9% vs 7%), organ/space infection (9% vs 5%), readmission (19% vs 21%), and reoperation (8% vs 9%), respectively (all p > 0.05).
conclusionsIn patients with clinical stage 2 or 3 rectal cancer, total neoadjuvant therapy with either induction chemotherapy and chemoradiation or short-course radiotherapy followed by consolidative chemotherapy were associated with similar perioperative morbidity and complete response rates.
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