Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36756630›Full record

ArticleCanadian pharmacists journal : CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada : RPC

CARD (Comfort Ask Relax Distract) for community pharmacy vaccinations in children: Effect on immunization stress-related responses and satisfaction.

Anna Taddio, James Morrison, Victoria Gudzak, Charlotte Logeman, C Meghan McMurtry, Lucie M Bucci, Christine Shea, Noni E MacDonald, Molly Yang

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian pharmacists journal : CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada : RPC. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
7.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Reducing distress during vaccine injections: 2026 clinical practice guideline update.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026
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  20. Experiences of community pharmacists administering COVID-19 vaccinations: A qualitative study.Canadian pharmacists journal : CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada : RPC
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Anna TaddioLeslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4432-8975
James MorrisonWholehealth Pharmacy Partners, Markham.
Victoria GudzakLeslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto.
Charlotte LogemanThe Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.
C Meghan McMurtryDepartment of Psychology, University of Guelph.
Lucie M BucciBucci-Hepworth Health Services, Pincourt, Quebec.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2713-0975
Christine SheaInstitute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto.
Noni E MacDonaldFaculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Molly YangWholehealth Pharmacy Partners, Markham.
3M (United States) · USDalhousie University · CAHospital for Sick Children · CAMcMaster Children's Hospital · CAUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: CARD (Comfort Ask Relax Distract) is a vaccine delivery program demonstrated to reduce pain, fear and associated immunization stress-related responses (ISRR) in children undergoing vaccinations at school. This study evaluated CARD's clinical impact when integrated into community pharmacy-based pediatric vaccinations. Methods: This was a before-and-after CARD implementation study in 5 independent pharmacies offering COVID-19 vaccinations to children aged 5-11 years. No changes were made to practices in the "before" phase. CARD interventions were integrated in the "after" phase (e.g., children prepared a coping plan using a checklist, distraction toolkits were placed in waiting and vaccination spaces, vaccinations were performed with privacy, needles were obscured). Children self-reported ISRR, including fear, pain and dizziness during vaccination, and both children and parents/caregivers (herein, parents) compared the child's experience to their last needle (better, same, worse). In the "after" phase, parents and children reported how much CARD helped (not at all, a little bit, a moderate amount, a lot). Results: The study was conducted between January 16 and March 20, 2022. Altogether, 152 children participated (71 before and 81 after CARD); demographic characteristics did not differ. Children's self-reported fear was lower after CARD, when assessed continuously (2.5 vs 3.7 out of 10; Conclusion: CARD reduced children's fear and improved vaccination experiences for children and parents when integrated in community pharmacy-based vaccinations.

Identifiers

PMID36756630
PMCPMC9899969
OpenAlexW4310207273

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.