ReviewFrontiers in molecular neuroscience2023
Microglia: The breakthrough to treat neovascularization and repair blood-retinal barrier in retinopathy.
Review in Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinal glial cells in glaucoma and age-related retinal diseases: Inflammatory responses, disease transitions, and translational perspectives.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Myeloid deficiency of RORα exacerbates lipid dysregulation and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization.Angiogenesis · 2026Article
- Redefining ocular safety assessment: retinal organoids as platforms for predicting human ocular toxicology.Genes & genomics · 2026Review
- Voltage-gated sodium channels in the nervous system: Molecular physiology to therapeutic interventions.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Calcium at the Helm: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in the Retinal Neurovascular Unit.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Involvement of Oxidative Stress-Related Inflammatory Mediators in the Pathogenesis and Treatment Response of Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Age-Related Neurovascular Dysfunction in the Retina and Potential Pathogenic Mechanisms.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Microglial polarization in retinal neovascularization: Friend or foe?Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2026Review
- Advances in RPGR gene therapy for X‑linked retinitis pigmentosa: From preclinical insights to clinical application (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Organ-Specific Regulation of Systemic Aging: Focus on the Brain, Skeletal Muscle, and Gut.Cells · 2026Review
- The CD39-CD73-adenosine axis: a pivotal regulator of retinal homeostasis and diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Dual immune armies in glaucoma: microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of action of retinal microglia in diabetic retinopathy (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Non-invasive bioelectrical therapy suppresses retinal neovascularization by modulating cellular metabolism and inflammation.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2025Article
- Advantages of Chinese Medicines for Diabetic Retinopathy and Mechanisms: Focused on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2025Review
- The Role of Non-coding RNAs in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Potential.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Therapeutic potential of AAV2-shmTOR gene therapy in reducing retinal inflammation and preserving endothelial Integrity in age-related macular degeneration.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Anti-TNFα and Anti-IL-1β Monoclonal Antibodies Preserve BV-2 Microglial Homeostasis Under Hypoxia by Mitigating Inflammatory Reactivity and ATF4/MAPK-Mediated Apoptosis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: a promising strategy for treating retinal degenerative diseases.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microglia are the primary resident retinal macrophages that monitor neuronal activity in real-time and facilitate angiogenesis during retinal development. In certain retinal diseases, the activated microglia promote retinal angiogenesis in hypoxia stress through neurovascular coupling and guide neovascularization to avascular areas (e.g., the outer nuclear layer and macula lutea). Furthermore, continuously activated microglia secrete inflammatory factors and expedite the loss of the blood-retinal barrier which causes irreversible damage to the secondary death of neurons. In this review, we support microglia can be a potential cellular therapeutic target in retinopathy. We briefly describe the relevance of microglia to the retinal vasculature and blood-retinal barrier. Then we discuss the signaling pathway related to how microglia move to their destinations and regulate vascular regeneration. We summarize the properties of microglia in different retinal disease models and propose that reducing the number of pro-inflammatory microglial death and conversing microglial phenotypes from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory are feasible for treating retinal neovascularization and the damaged blood-retinal barrier (BRB). Finally, we suppose that the unique properties of microglia may aid in the vascularization of retinal organoids.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.