Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36755333›Full record

ArticleBiomaterials research2023

Bioactive self-healing hydrogel based on tannic acid modified gold nano-crosslinker as an injectable brain implant for treating Parkinson's disease.

Junpeng Xu, Tsai-Yu Chen, Chun-Hwei Tai, Shan-Hui Hsu

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomaterials research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
7.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Autonomous Implants.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Recent Progress of Soft and Bioactive Materials in Flexible Bioelectronics.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Junpeng XuInstitute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Tsai-Yu ChenInstitute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Chun-Hwei TaiDepartment of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, No.7, Zhongshan South Road, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, 100225, Taiwan, Republic of China. chtai1502@ntu.edu.tw.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3493-8879
Shan-Hui HsuInstitute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China. shhsu@ntu.edu.tw.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-055X
National Taiwan University · TWNational Health Research Institutes · TWNational Taiwan University Hospital · TW

Funding

National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, Republic of China NSTC 111-2221-E-002-052-MY3National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Republic of China 2022-1-042-1National Taiwan University NTU-CC-111L892501
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common long-term neurodegenerative diseases. Current treatments for PD are mostly based on surgery and medication because of the limitation and challenges in selecting proper biomaterials. In this study, an injectable bioactive hydrogel based on novel tannic acid crosslinker was developed to treat PD.

methodsThe oxidized tannic acid modified gold nano-crosslinker was synthesized and used to effectively crosslink chitosan for preparation of the bioactive self-healing hydrogel. The crosslinking density, conductivity, self-healing ability, and injectability of the hydrogel were characterized. Abilities of the hydrogel to promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) were assessed in vitro. Anti-inflammatory property was analyzed on J774A.1 macrophages. The hydrogel was injected in the PD rat model for evaluation of the motor function recovery, electrophysiological performance improvement, and histological repair.

resultsThe hydrogel exhibited self-healing property and 34G (~ 80 μm) needle injectability. NSCs grown in the hydrogel displayed long-term proliferation and differentiation toward neurons in vitro. Besides, the hydrogel owned strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidative capabilities to rescue inflamed NSCs (~ 90%). Brain injection of the bioactive hydrogel recovered the motor function of PD rats. Electrophysiological measurements showed evident alleviation of irregular discharge of nerve cells in the subthalamic nucleus of PD rats administered with the hydrogel. Histological examination confirmed that the hydrogel alone significantly increased the density of tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons and fibers as well as reduced inflammation, with a high efficacy similar to drug-loaded hydrogel.

conclusionThe new bioactive hydrogel serves as an effective brain injectable implant to treat PD and a promising biomaterial for developing novel strategies to treat brain diseases.

Indexed as

Bioactive hydrogelConductive hydrogelGold nanoparticleParkinson’s diseaseSelf-healingTannic acid

Identifiers

PMID36755333
PMCPMC9909866
OpenAlexW4319459773

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.