ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2023
Phthalates and Incident Diabetes in Midlife Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolism-disrupting compounds and metabolic health during the menopausal transition: a narrative review.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Review
- Age-Specific Association Between Urinary Phthalate Metabolites and Diabetes Mellitus: Findings from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey Cycle 4 (2018-2020).Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Associations of urinary phthalate metabolites with Circadian Syndrome: evidence from NHANES.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Quantifying national burdens of foodborne disease-Four imperatives for global impact.PLOS global public health · 2025Review
- Association between combined urinary phthalate metabolites exposure and grip strength among residents in Guangzhou, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Associations of urinary biomarkers of phthalates, phenols, parabens, and organophosphate esters with glycemic traits in pregnancy: The Healthy Start Study.Environmental research · 2024Article
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Mainstream recognition of health effects and implications for the practicing internist.Journal of internal medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Endocrine disruptors in plastics alter β-cell physiology and increase the risk of diabetes mellitus.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextPhthalates are hypothesized to contribute to diabetes, but longitudinal evidence in humans is limited.
objectiveWe examined whether phthalate exposure was associated with a higher incidence of diabetes in a racially/ethnically diverse cohort of midlife women.
methodsIn the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multipollutant Study, we followed 1308 women without diabetes in 1999-2000 for 6 years. Eleven phthalate metabolites were measured in spot urine samples in 1999-2000 and 2002-2003. Incident diabetes was ascertained between 1999-2000 and 2005-2006. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying exposure were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of diabetes associated with each phthalate metabolite, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors. Effect modification by race/ethnicity was examined with interaction terms.
resultsSixty-one women developed diabetes over 6 years (cumulative incidence = 4.7%). Among all women, several high-molecular-weight phthalate metabolites were associated with a higher incidence of diabetes, but none were statistically significant. There was effect modification by race/ethnicity. Among White women, each doubling of the concentrations of mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monobenzyl phthalate, mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate, mono-carboxyisononyl phthalate (MCNP), and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate was associated with a 30% to 63% higher incidence of diabetes (HR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.03-1.65 for MCNP; HR = 1.63, 95% CI, 1.18-2.25 for MiBP). In contrast, phthalates were not associated with diabetes incidence in Black or Asian women.
conclusionsSome phthalate metabolites were associated with a higher incidence of diabetes over 6 years, but the associations were inconsistent across racial/ethnic groups. Whether phthalates cause diabetes requires further investigation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.