ArticlePloS one2023
Maternal serum vitamin D level in early pregnancy and risk for preeclampsia: A case-control study in Southern Sweden.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D levels in early and middle pregnancy and preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- The role of vitamin D deficiency in fetal growth restriction: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Spatio-temporal analysis of dengue outbreaks in India (2021-2025): evidence from the secondary analysis of Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Maternal serum concentrations of vitamin D in pregnancy and preterm birth: a case-control study in Southern Sweden.European journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Ensemble machine learning framework for predicting maternal health risk during pregnancy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- PCOS and vitamin D: a clinical appraisal.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Review
- Article
- Observational
- Article
- Vitamin D may alleviate pre-eclampsia by modulating the ferroptosis signalling pathway: A hypothesis based on recent literature.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Nutritional Assessment of the Symptomatic Patient on a Plant-Based Diet: Seven Key Questions.Nutrients · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPreeclampsia is considered a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present case-control study in Sweden was to assess the hypothesized association between low serum vitamin D concentrations in early pregnancy and the risk of developing preeclampsia since vitamin D may play a role in early placental development.
methodsThe study included 296 women diagnosed with preeclampsia (cases) and 580 healthy pregnant women (controls). Serum samples were obtained from a biobank of samples collected in early pregnancy including almost all pregnancies in Southern Sweden. Concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (vitamin D) were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The cases were divided into two categories: i) infants were born before gestational week 34 (early onset) and/or born small-for-gestational age (SGA)(n = 51), ii) and others defined as late onset (n = 245). Vitamin D concentrations were analyzed both as a continuous and a categorized variable.
resultsWhen all preeclampsia cases were included in the analyses no consistent patterns were observed. However, the median serum concentrations of vitamin D were significantly lower among the cases who were early onset and/or were born SGA (median 39.2 nmol/L, range 1.2-93.6) as compared to the controls (49.0 nmol/L, 0.1-219; p = 0.01). In addition, high concentrations were statistically significantly associated with a decreased risk of preeclampsia (>66.9 vs ≤30.1 nmol/L; crude OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.16-0.96). When potential confounders were included in the models the associations were even more pronounced.
conclusionsOur results support the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for preeclampsia, but only in preeclampsia cases who were early-onset and/or were born SGA. Preeclampsia is not a homogenous condition and more studies are needed before vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy can be recommended.
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