ArticleClinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)2023
Botulinum Toxin Injection versus Extraocular Muscle Surgery for Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia.
Article in Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy of botulinum toxin and surgical treatment for acute acquired concomitant esotropia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Augmented medial rectus recession versus botulinum toxin therapy for acute acquired comitant esotropia: analysis of outcomes and recurrence predictors.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Evaluation of surgical outcomes and intervention threshold for small-angle acute acquired comitant esotropia.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Risk factors and predictors for botulinum toxin type A reinjection within six months in patients with acute acquired concomitant esotropia.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Surgical outcomes of bilateral medial rectus recession in cases of acute acquired comitant esotropia.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- The COVID-19 pandemic and the abrupt changes in the reported cases of acute acquired comitant esotropia.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Efficacy of botulinum toxin and surgery in managing acute acquired comitant esotropia.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2025Article
- Long-term efficacy of botulinum toxin for treatment of acquired non-accommodative comitant esotropia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Botulinum toxin A as a treatment modality for acute acquired comitant esotropia - An Indian perspective.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Comparing Park Table - Augmented and Standard Surgical Doses in Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia: A Retrospective Analysis.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Dose-Effect Relationship of Botulinum Toxin Type A in the Management of Strabismus: A Review.Cureus · 2024Review
- Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute acquired comitant esotropia.International ophthalmology · 2024Review
- Conformation of Horizontal Extraocular Muscle Insertions in Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia Induced by Excessive Digital Device Usage.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Golden Indications and an Overview on the Use of Botulinum Toxin in Strabismus.Turkish journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: To compare the success rate of extraocular muscle surgery and botulinum toxin injection for treatment in patients with acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE). Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study in which we treated 34 patients of AACE with botulinum toxin compared with 80 patients who had been treated with surgery. The data included angle of deviation in prism diopter (PD) at baseline and one, three, and six months after treatment. The main outcome was the success rate in each treatment group. Results: In the surgery group, mean esodeviation angles at baseline and one, three, and six months after treatment were 50.8 ± 18.3 PD, 4.9 ± 8.3 PD, 4.6 ± 9.5 PD, and 5.5 ± 10.3 PD, whereas those in the botulinum toxin group were 51.2 ± 14.3 PD, 13.9 ± 17.4 PD, 22.0 ± 19.3, and 31.3 ± 23.8 PD, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the deviation angles between the two groups ( Conclusion: Botulinum toxin injection was not as effective as conventional extraocular muscle surgery in AACE patients. However, the treatment is safe, fast-acting, and improves both cosmetic appearance and quality of life. This may be considered as a chance for patients not preferring surgery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.