ArticlePLoS pathogens2023
Innate sensing of picornavirus infection involves cGAS-STING-mediated antiviral responses triggered by mitochondrial DNA release.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The cGAS-STING/MITA pathway in innate antiviral immunity and beyond.Cell insight · 2026Review
- The cGAS-STING pathway: mechanistic basis, dual biological functions and translational therapeutic advances.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Enterovirus infections in children.Pediatric investigation · 2026Review
- Formation of tertiary lymphoid structures drives Parkin antitumor immunity.Science advances · 2026Article
- Review
- The Dual Roles of Autophagy in Important Picornaviruses Infecting Livestock and Poultry.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Induction of mitochondrial fission and mtDNA leakage via the Smad3/Drp1 axis by PEDV infection activates the TLR9/NF-κB/IL-1β inflammatory pathway.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Enterovirus A71 3AB protein facilitates immune evasion by blocking cGAS recognition of mtDNA.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Nanotechnology-driven STING regulation for on-demand therapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- LC3-associated phagocytosis is a new strategy to inhibit picornavirus infection through increasing interferon levels and lysosomal degradation.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- The COX2-PGEbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- STING agonists as antiviral agents.FEBS letters · 2026Review
- STING1 negatively regulates translation and replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus independently of interferon and is antagonized by the viral proteins 3C and 2B.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15 facilitates immune evasion and viral replication by limiting multiple host innate immune pathways, including cGAS-STING.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- HSPA6 is induced by RIG-I-like receptors and negatively regulates type-I interferon signaling.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Picornavirus VP2 protein suppresses innate immunity through selective autophagic degradation of IKBKE/IKKε.Autophagy · 2026Article
- Inhibition of STING alleviates lipotoxicity in viral-infected primary mouse hepatocytes and viral hepatitis-associated liver damage.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Parkin Induces Ubiquitination and Large Extracellular Vesicle Release of HMGB1 to Activate Antitumor Immunity.Cancer research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a key role in the innate immune responses to both DNA and RNA virus infection. Here, we found that enterovirus 71 (EV-A71), Seneca Valley virus (SVV), and foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection triggered mitochondria damage and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release in vitro and vivo. These responses were mediated by picornavirus 2B proteins which induced mtDNA release during viral replication. SVV infection caused the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and led to voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1)- and BCL2 antagonist/killer 1 (Bak) and Bak/BCL2-associated X (Bax)-dependent mtDNA leakage into the cytoplasm, while EV-A71 and FMDV infection induced mPTP opening and resulted in VDAC1-dependent mtDNA release. The released mtDNA bound to cGAS and activated cGAS-mediated antiviral immune response. cGAS was essential for inhibiting EV-A71, SVV, and FMDV replication by regulation of IFN-β production. cGAS deficiency contributed to higher mortality of EV-A71- or FMDV-infected mice. In addition, we found that SVV 2C protein was responsible for decreasing cGAS expression through the autophagy pathway. The 9th and 153rd amino acid sites in 2C were critical for induction of cGAS degradation. Furthermore, we also show that EV-A71, CA16, and EMCV 2C antagonize the cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway through interaction with STING, and highly conserved amino acids Y155 and S156 were critical for this inhibitory effect. In conclusion, these data reveal novel mechanisms of picornaviruses to block the antiviral effect mediated by the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, which will provide insights for developing antiviral strategies against picornaviruses.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.