ArticlePaediatric and perinatal epidemiology2023
Trends in survival of children with severe congenital heart defects by gestational age at birth: A population-based study using administrative hospital data for England.
Article in Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parental participation during children's vital sign monitoring in connection with surgery for congenital heart disease.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and trends based on a joinpoint regression model of preterm birth with congenital heart disease in Changsha City, China, from 2011 to 2023.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Open science and phenotyping in UK administrative health, education and social care data: the ECHILD phenotype code list repository.International journal of population data science · 2025Article
- School-recorded special educational needs provision in children with major congenital anomalies: A linked administrative records study of births in England, 2003-2013.International journal of population data science · 2025Article
- Neonatal Training across Union of European Medical Specialists Member Countries: A Survey from the Next Generation of Neonatologists.Neonatology · 2025Article
- Hybrid approach: a prospective option for treating congenital heart defects in pediatric patients.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Enhancing the Classification of Congenital Heart Defects for Outcome Association Studies in Birth Defects Registries.Birth defects research · 2024Article
- Educational outcomes of children with major congenital anomalies: Study protocol for a population-based cohort study using linked hospital and education data from England.NIHR open research · 2024Article
- Trends in survival of children with severe congenital heart defects by gestational age at birth: A population-based study using administrative hospital data for England.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChildren with congenital heart defects (CHD) are twice as likely as their peers to be born preterm (<37 weeks' gestation), yet descriptions of recent trends in long-term survival by gestational age at birth (GA) are lacking.
objectivesTo quantify changes in survival to age 5 years of children in England with severe CHD by GA.
methodsWe estimated changes in survival to age five of children with severe CHD and all other children born in England between April 2004 and March 2016, overall and by GA-group using linked hospital and mortality records.
resultsOf 5,953,598 livebirths, 5.7% (339,080 of 5,953,598) were born preterm, 0.35% (20,648 of 5,953,598) died before age five and 3.6 per 1000 (21,291 of 5,953,598) had severe CHD. Adjusting for GA, under-five mortality rates fell at a similar rate between 2004-2008 and 2012-2016 for children with severe CHD (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.79, 95% CI 0.71, 0.88) and all other children (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.76, 0.81). For children with severe CHD, overall survival to age five increased from 87.5% (95% CI 86.6, 88.4) in 2004-2008 to 89.6% (95% CI 88.9, 90.3) in 2012-2016. There was strong evidence for better survival in the ≥39-week group (90.2%, 95% CI 89.1, 91.2 to 93%, 95% CI 92.4, 93.9), weaker evidence at 24-31 and 37-38 weeks and no evidence at 32-36 weeks. We estimate that 51 deaths (95% CI 24, 77) per year in children with severe CHD were averted in 2012-2016 compared to what would have been the case had 2004-2008 mortality rates persisted.
conclusionsNine out of 10 children with severe CHD in 2012-2016 survived to age five. The small improvement in survival over the study period was driven by increased survival in term children. Most children with severe CHD are reaching school age and may require additional support by schools and healthcare services.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.