ReviewTrends in immunology2023
Oxidized mitochondrial DNA: a protective signal gone awry.
Review in Trends in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- NAD+ Attenuates Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke by Suppressing the cGAS- STING Pathway via Mitochondrial Homeostasis Restoration.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Oxidized mitochondrial DNA as a potential biomarker and mechanistic driver of autophagy-mitophagy dysregulation in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a narrative review.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- The cGAS-STING pathway: mechanistic basis, dual biological functions and translational therapeutic advances.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Basophil Extracellular Traps in Immunity and Disease.Cancers · 2026Review
- Mitochondria-Targeted Multimodal Nanotherapeutics Suppress Oxidized mtDNA-Driven Inflammation at the Source.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Platelet ferroptosis promotes oxidized DNA release and SLE progression.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Tissue-Resident Macrophage in Inflammation and Cancer.MedComm · 2026Review
- Article
- The Role of Inflammation and Immunity in Cardiovascular Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- Molecular biology of vascular bioenergetics rewiring: Mitochondrial protective mechanisms of Piper retrofractum in hypertension and oxidative injury.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Microglial Mitochondrial Dysfunction: The Storm Center of Post-Stroke Neuroinflammation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial Quality Control and Pathogenic Signaling Networks in Parkinson's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Epigenetic control of microglial mitochondrial immunity by KAT7 drives Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.Neuron · 2026Article
- Ultrasmall Prussian blue-integrated cryogel for enhanced ROS scavenging and immunomodulation via cGAS-STING inhibition in wound healing.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Diabetic Kidney Disease: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Tristetraprolin protects against osteoarthritis by restraining chondrocyte mitochondrial DNA release through post-transcriptional regulation.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Article
- TH5487 specifically targets NLRP3 in FCAS patients resistant to MCC950.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic control of microglial mitochondrial immunity by KAT7 drives Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in Mitochondrial Transplantation for Ischemic Stroke: A Review of in Vitro and in Vivo Studies.Translational stroke research · 2026Review
- Immune remodeling via mitochondria-dependent STING activation enhances cabozantinib response in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the emergence of mitochondria as key regulators of innate immunity, the mechanisms underlying the generation and release of immunostimulatory alarmins by stressed mitochondria remains nebulous. We propose that the major mitochondrial alarmin in myeloid cells is oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox-mtDNA). Fragmented Ox-mtDNA enters the cytosol where it activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and generates IL-1β, IL-18, and cGAS-STING to induce type I interferons and interferon-stimulated genes. Inflammasome activation further enables the circulatory release of Ox-mtDNA by opening gasdermin D pores. We summarize new data showing that, in addition to being an autoimmune disease biomarker, Ox-mtDNA converts beneficial transient inflammation into long-lasting immunopathology. We discuss how Ox-mtDNA induces short- and long-term immune activation, and highlight its homeostatic and immunopathogenic functions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.