Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36738328›Full record

ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2023

Emotion processing in maltreated boys and girls: Evidence for latent vulnerability.

Bianca Diaconu, Gregor Kohls, Jack C Rogers, Ruth Pauli, Harriet Cornwell, Anka Bernhard, Anne Martinelli, Katharina Ackermann, Nikola Fann, Aranzazu Fernandez-Rivas and 9 more

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In one paragraph

Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Positive affect as a developmental mediator of early adversity and internalizing psychopathology.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Bianca DiaconuCentre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. bxd900@student.bham.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2616-273X
Gregor KohlsChild Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
Jack C RogersCentre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Ruth PauliCentre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Harriet CornwellDepartment of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Anka BernhardDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Anne MartinelliDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Katharina AckermannDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Nikola FannDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Aranzazu Fernandez-RivasPsychiatric Service, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain.
Miguel Angel Gonzalez-TorresPsychiatric Service, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain.
Maider Gonzalez de Artaza-LavesaFaculty of Health Sciences, International University of La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, Spain.
Amaia HervasUniversity Hospital Mutua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain.
Christina StadlerDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Kerstin KonradChild Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
Christine M FreitagDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Graeme FairchildDepartment of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
Pia RotshteinNeuroimaging Research Unit, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
Stephane A De BritoCentre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. s.a.debrito@bham.ac.uk.

Funding

Seventh Framework Programme 602407
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Evidence of alterations in emotion processing in maltreated youth has been hypothesized to reflect latent vulnerability for psychopathology. However, previous studies have not systematically examined the influence of psychopathology on the results. Here, we examined emotion recognition and learning in youth who differed in terms of presence vs. absence of maltreatment and psychopathology and tested for potential sex effects. Maltreatment and psychopathology were assessed in 828 youth (514 females) aged 9-18 years using diagnostic interviews and self- and parent-report questionnaires. Emotion recognition was assessed via identification of morphed facial expressions of six universal emotions. For emotion learning, reward and punishment values were assigned to novel stimuli and participants had to learn to correctly respond/withhold response to stimuli to maximize points. A three-way interaction of maltreatment by psychopathology by emotion indicated that when psychopathology was low, maltreated youth were less accurate than non-maltreated youth for happy, fear and disgust. A three-way interaction of sex, maltreatment and emotion indicated that maltreated girls and boys were impaired for fear, but girls showed an impairment for happy, while boys for disgust. There were no effects of maltreatment, psychopathology, or sex on reward learning. However, a two-way interaction between sex and maltreatment showed that maltreated girls were worse at learning from punishment relative to non-maltreated girls, while maltreated boys were better than non-maltreated boys. The study provides the first clear evidence of latent-vulnerability in emotion recognition in maltreated youth and suggests that girls and boys might be characterized by distinct profiles of emotion recognition and learning following maltreatment.

Indexed as

Child AbuseAdolescentChildEmotionsFacial ExpressionFearFemaleHumansMalePsychopathologyEmotion processingFemNAT-CDMaltreatmentPsychopathologySex differences

Identifiers

PMID36738328
PMCPMC10682268

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.