Trial reportIndian heart journal
Cardioverter-defibrillator reduces mortality risk in eligible ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy patients: Sub-analysis of the multi-center Improve SCA study.
Trial report in Indian heart journal. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02099721 (Improve Sudden Cardiac Arrest Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Improve Sudden Cardiac Arrest Study
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emerging risk factors for heart failure in younger populations: A growing public health concern.World journal of cardiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 11 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
objectiveDespite the burden of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) worldwide, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are underutilized, particularly in Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. The Improve SCA trial demonstrated that primary prevention (PP) patients in these regions benefit from an ICD or a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D). We aimed to compare the rate of device therapy and mortality among ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM and NICM) PP patients who met guideline indications for ICD therapy and had an ICD/CRT-D implanted.
methodsImprove SCA was a prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded multicenter trial that enrolled patients from the above-mentioned regions. All-cause mortality and device therapy were examined by cardiomyopathy (ICM vs NICM) and implantation status. Cox proportional hazards methods were used, adjusting for factors affecting mortality risk.
resultsOf 1848 PP NICM patients, 1007 (54.5%) received ICD/CRT-D, while 303 of 581 (52.1%) PP ICM patients received an ICD/CRT-D. The all-cause mortality rate at 3 years for NICM patients with and without an ICD/CRT-D was 13.1% and 18.3%, respectively (HR 0.51, 95% CI 0.38-0.68, p < 0.001). Similarly, all-cause mortality at 3 years in ICM patients was 13.8% in those with a device and 19.9% in those without an ICD/CRT-D (HR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33-.0.88, p = 0.011). The time to first device therapy, time to first shock, and time to first antitachycardia pacing (ATP) therapy were not significantly different between groups (p ≥ 0.263).
conclusionsIn this large data set of patients with a guideline-based PP ICD indication, defibrillator device implantation conferred a significant mortality benefit in both NICM and ICM patients. The rate of appropriate device therapy was also similar in both groups. CLINICAL
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02099721.
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