ArticleAge and ageing2023
Serum sodium, cognition and incident dementia in the general population.
Article in Age and ageing, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preoperative sodium abnormalities and adverse postoperative outcomes in older surgical patients: association and incremental predictive value in the BioCog cohort.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Impact of High Dietary Salt on Neurovascular and Cognitive Functions.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Review
- The role of noninfectious comorbidities in the association between severe infections and risk of dementia in Finland: A nationwide registry study.PLoS medicine · 2026Article
- Dietary salt, vascular dysfunction, and cognitive impairment.Cardiovascular research · 2025Review
- Cognitive performance classification of older patients using machine learning and electronic medical records.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clinical factors associated with hyponatremia correction during treatment with oral urea.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Article
- The potential role and mechanism of Rhizoma Coptidis in prevention of diabetic encephalopathy: targeting sodium ion and channels.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Association between serum sodium and sporadic Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- The Effect of Thiazide Diuretics on Urinary Prostaglandin E2 Excretion and Serum Sodium in the General Population.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Article
- Joint association of serum sodium and frailty with mild cognitive impairment among hospitalized older adults with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Analysis of current situation and influencing factors of cognitive dysfunction associated with type 2 diabetes and follow-up study on treatment effectiveness.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLow serum sodium may be associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in the general population, but the data remain inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to determine the association of low serum sodium with cognitive function and incident dementia in the general population.
methodsParticipants from a prospective population-based cohort were eligible if data on serum sodium (collected between 1997 and 2008), dementia prevalence and dementia incidence were available (follow-up until 2018). Global cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the general cognitive factor (G-factor, derived from principal component analysis of individual tests). Linear regression and Cox proportional-hazards models were used to assess associations of standardised continuous and categorised low serum sodium (mean - 1.96*SD: cut-off of 137 mmol/L) with overall cognitive function and incident dementia, respectively.
resultsIn all, 8,028 participants free of dementia at baseline (mean age 63.6 years, 57% female, serum sodium 142 ± 2 mmol/L), including 217 participants with low serum sodium, were included. Cross-sectionally, continuous serum sodium and/or low serum sodium were not associated with the MMSE or G-factor. However, participants with low serum sodium performed worse on the Stroop and Purdue Pegboard tests. During a median follow-up of 10.7 years, 758 subjects developed dementia. Continuous serum sodium (hazard ratio (HR) 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92;1.05) and low serum sodium (HR 1.27, 95% CI 0.90;1.79) were not associated with a higher risk of incident dementia.
conclusionWe identified no significant associations of low serum sodium with overall cognitive functioning and risk of dementia. However, low serum sodium-including levels above the clinical cut-off for hyponatremia-was associated with impairments in selected cognitive domains including attention and psychomotor function.
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