ArticleWorld journal of surgery2023
Predictive and Prognostic Role of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer Treated with Primary Systemic Therapy.
Article in World journal of surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05250336 (Prognostic and Predictive Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Programmed Cell Death - Ligand 1 in Breast Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Prognostic and Predictive Value of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Programmed Cell Death - Ligand 1 in Breast Cancer
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimizing Clinical Practice and Efficacy Evaluation of Radiotherapy Combined with Immunotherapy in Recurrent Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study Focusing on Patient-Reported Pain Relief and Tumor Proliferation Inhibition.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Article
- Roles of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Antitumor Immune Responses as Predictive and Prognostic Markers in Patients with Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Predicting nodal response to neoadjuvant treatment in breast cancer with core biopsy biomarkers of tumor microenvironment using data mining.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a gradient boosting machine-based model for predicting tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte proportions in breast cancer.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Implications of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: clinical oncologist perspectives.Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer · 2024Review
- Commentary: Outcomes of Metaplastic Breast Cancer vs. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.World journal of surgery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are gaining recognition as an important immunological biomarker with therapeutic potential in breast cancer. In this cohort study conducted on patients with advanced breast cancer treated with primary systemic therapy (PST), the TILs concentration was correlated with response to PST and survival outcomes.
methodsPatients with primary breast cancer treated with PST between 2016 and 2020 were included in this study, approved by IEC, and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05250336). Tumor core biopsies obtained prior to starting treatment from 489 patients were assessed for the proportion of stromal TILs by standardized method and categorized into low (0-10% immune cells), intermediate (11-59%), and high (≥ 60%) TILs. TIL concentration and complete pathological response (pCR), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were correlated.
resultsOf the 489 patients, 372 matched the eligibility criteria for assessment of TILs and made the final study cohort. Among these, 135 were luminal, 129 HER2-enriched, and 108 triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC). Proportions of patients with high TILs were greater in TNBC (15.7%) and HER2-enriched (9.3%), compared to luminal cancers (4.4%). High TIL concentration was correlated with higher pCR in all subtypes. A pCR was achieved in 33.3, 50, and 52.9% of high TIL patients in luminal, HER2-enriched, and TNBC subtypes, respectively (p < 0.05). High TILs were linked to longer DFS and OS in TNBC and HER2-enriched breast cancers.
conclusionIn this first study of its kind from a low- and middle-income country, high TILs concentration was found to be a predictor of response to PST across all breast cancer subtypes. TILs concentration was found predictive of better DFS and OS in TNBC and HER2-enriched cancers. Prognostic role of TILs in luminal cancers was not so apparent.
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