ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2023
The potential therapeutic role of extracellular vesicles in critical-size bone defects: Spring of cell-free regenerative medicine is coming.
Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fracture healing: from molecular and cellular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in Osteogenesis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Evidence.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Engineering Biomimetic 3D Microenvironments for Extracellular Vesicle Programming Toward Clinical Translation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles combined with injectable hydrogels in bone defect repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.Journal of biological engineering · 2026Review
- Calcium-enriched mesoporous silica/PLGA scaffolds enhance bone repair in a rabbit femoral condylar defect model.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Human cranial stem cells: developmental, pathologic, and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- AI and big data driven knowledge mapping of exosome-hydrogel research in orthopedic regeneration and tissue engineering.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Biomaterial-based strategies for osteoporosis treatment and bone regeneration: advances and translational challenges.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Systemic administration of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function through extracellular vesicle-mediated tissue repair in a rat model of ischemic cardiomyopathy.Regenerative therapy · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles: essential agents in critical bone defect repair and therapeutic enhancement.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Exosomes derived from Panax notoginseng promote osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Integrated Biomaterials in Bone Tissue Engineering Applications: Current Progress and Future Perspectives.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Bioprinting of gelatin-based materials for orthopedic application.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Bone Regeneration Using Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Biocompatible Scaffolds: A Concise Review of the Current Clinical Trials.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of critical-size bone defects has significantly increased. Critical-size bone defects seriously affect patients' motor functions and quality of life and increase the need for additional clinical treatments. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has made great progress in repairing critical-size bone defects. As one of the main components of bone tissue engineering, stem cell-based therapy is considered a potential effective strategy to regenerate bone tissues. However, there are some disadvantages including phenotypic changes, immune rejection, potential tumorigenicity, low homing efficiency and cell survival rate that restrict its wider clinical applications. Evidence has shown that the positive biological effects of stem cells on tissue repair are largely mediated through paracrine action by nanostructured extracellular vesicles (EVs), which may overcome the limitations of traditional stem cell-based treatments. In addition to stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, the potential therapeutic roles of nonstem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in critical-size bone defect repair have also attracted attention from scholars in recent years. Currently, the development of extracellular vesicles-mediated cell-free regenerative medicine is still in the preliminary stage, and the specific mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, the authors first review the research progress and possible mechanisms of extracellular vesicles combined with bone tissue engineering scaffolds to promote bone regeneration
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.