SynthesisFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Maternal thyroid function in multiple pregnancies - a systematic review.
Synthesis in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and neonatal neurodevelopmental outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- The Thyroid Hormone Axis and Female Reproduction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Technical Validation of Ultrasound Assessment of the Thyroid Gland in Cattle.Veterinary sciences · 2023Article
- Association of Serum Proteins Electrophoretic Pattern and Serum Hormones in Women with Spontaneous Pregnancy Loss.International journal of applied & basic medical researchArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The function of the thyroid gland during pregnancy undergoes physiological changes to ensure the proper amount of thyroid hormones for both the pregnant woman and the fetus. Multiple pregnancies (MP) are characterized by specific differences compared to single pregnancies, e.g., higher concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin, which also affect thyroid function. The aim was to collect available knowledge on maternal thyroid function in MP. Methods: We have systematically searched three databases: the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and the Cochrane Library. The last search was run on the 4th of August 2022. We included full-text original observational and experimental studies written in English. Case reports, editorials, letters, conference abstracts, reviews and meta-analyses were excluded. No time criterion was established. Studies were considered eligible if at least one maternal thyroid function test was performed and reported. Studies on MP with a co-existing mole were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed with the use of the AXIS tool. The qualitative synthesis of evidence was applied. Results: The search strategy resulted in the identification of 821 manuscripts. After removing duplicates, we screened the titles and abstracts of 552 articles, out of which 57 were selected for full-text analysis. Finally, 12 articles were included in the review. They were conducted in 6 different countries and published between the years 1997 and 2022. The number of examined women with MP ranged from 9 to 1 626. Discussion and conclusions: Thyroid function differs between women with MP and SP. Scarce data are available on the topic, but MPs are most likely characterized by higher HCG levels, which influences thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroid hormone levels. These differences are mainly expressed in the 1st trimester of pregnancy. Separate population-based reference ranges are needed to correctly diagnose thyroid diseases in MP and to avoid unnecessary treatment. Further research is needed to fill the knowledge gaps.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.