ReviewFrontiers in pediatrics2022
The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: Clues to pathogenesis?
Review in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantitative Alterations in Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Biomolecules · 2025Pooled it
- Healing from Within: How Gut Microbiota Predicts IBD Treatment Success-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Real-World Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Italy: Treatment Patterns, Adherence, and Costs in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Treated with Mesalazine.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2026Article
- Adalimumab Safety in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Clinical Cohort Study with Time-to-Event Analysis and FAERS Signal Assessment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The dual role of RIPK family in IBD: from cell death to therapeutic targeting.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Epidemiology and clinical profile of inflammatory bowel disease in Kuwait: a nationwide tertiary care (SEEF-IBD) study.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Current approaches to disease severity and therapy effectiveness assessment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Stromal Aging in Ulcerative Colitis and Colitis-Associated Cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- School and School-Related Experiences of Children and Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Scoping Review.Child: care, health and development · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a novel latex particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay for fecal calprotectin.Biotechnology letters · 2026Article
- Unveiling the viral dimension: The paediatric gut virome as a key modulator of gastrointestinal metabolic, and neurodevelopmental health.World journal of virology · 2026Review
- The Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception (KAP) of Healthcare Professionals in Pediatric Settings Toward Oral Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Survey-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The temporal trends of incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of inflammatory bowel disease in the Chinese population aged 0-54 years and prediction to 2030.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Bio-Assay-Guided Study ofNutrients · 2025Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Intake in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Case-Control Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Role of gut microbiota in the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in inflammatory bowel disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- The role of neutrophils in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel diseases.Periodontology 2000 · 2025Review
- Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Scoping Review.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Probiotics and inflammatory bowel disease: an umbrella meta-analysis of relapse, recurrence, and remission outcomes.Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Review
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Historically, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was most common in North America and Europe and more common with a north-south gradient. Over the past century, there has been a marked increase in IBD in general and in childhood IBD in particular and over the past 50 years IBD has spread into the developing world. The greatest risk factor of developing IBD is an affected family member. Concordance rates between dizygotic twins is ∼4% and ∼50% in monozygotic twins, and more than half of pairs are diagnosed within 2 years of each other. Nevertheless, most patients with IBD do not have an affected family member. More than 200 genes are associated with an increased risk for IBD, but most associations are weak with odds ratios between 1.2 and 2.0 suggesting the environment plays a role. IBD is more common in urban than rural regions and is associated with "good standards" of domestic hygiene during childhood. People who migrate from areas with a low incidence to areas with a high incidence of IBD have an increased risk of developing IBD and the younger they are when they migrate, the greater their risk of developing IBD. Moreover, people who migrate from regions with a high incidence to areas with a low incidence of IBD have a decreased risk of developing IBD. Together, these findings strongly suggest particular environmental exposures occurring early in life may trigger inflammatory bowel disease in genetically susceptible individuals. The key is figuring out what those exposures might be.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.