ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2023
Comparing socio-economic inequalities in self-reported and undiagnosed hypertension among adults 45 years and over in India: what explains these inequalities?
Article in International journal for equity in health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Hidden crisis of undiagnosed hypertension among women of reproductive age with elevated blood pressure: a regional disparities and determinants using Tanzania nation survey.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Hypertension Prevalence in Delhi, India: Socioeconomic Disparities Among Adults Aged 19 to 55.Cureus · 2025Article
- Gender and Age Differentials in Prevalence and Pattern of Nine Chronic Diseases Among Older Adults in India: An Analysis Based on Longitudinal Ageing Study in India.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025Article
- The impact of using self-report versus objective measures of cardiometabolic conditions in epidemiologic research: a case study from India using data from the longitudinal aging study in India.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2024Article
- Decomposing the Poor-Non-Poor Gap in the Prevalence of Undiagnosed and Untreated Hypertension Among Bangladeshi Population.Global heart · 2024Article
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Abstract
backgroundHypertension (HTN) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries. For India, the hidden burden of undiagnosed hypertension is a major concern. This study aims to assess and explain socio-economic inequalities among self-reported and undiagnosed hypertensives in India.
methodsThe study utilized data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), a nationally-representative survey of more than 72,000 older adults. The study used funnel plots, multivariable logistic regression, concentration indices, and decomposition analysis to explain the socio-economic gap in the prevalence of self-reported and undiagnosed hypertension between the richest and the poorest groups.
resultsThe prevalence of self-reported and undiagnosed hypertension was 27.4 and 17.8% respectively. Monthly per capita consumption expenditure (MPCE) quintile was positively associated with self-reported hypertension but negatively associated with undiagnosed hypertension. The concentration index for self-reported hypertension was 0.133 (p < 0.001), whereas it was - 0.047 (p < 0.001) for undiagnosed hypertension. Over 50% of the inequalities in self-reported hypertension were explained by the differences in the distribution of the characteristics whereas inequalities remained unexplained for undiagnosed hypertension. Obesity and diabetes were key contributors to pro-rich inequality.
conclusionsResults imply that self-reported measures underestimate the true prevalence of hypertension and disproportionately affect the poorer MPCE groups. The prevalence of self-reported HTN was higher in the richest group, whereas socio-economic inequality in undiagnosed hypertension was significantly concentrated in the poorest group. As majority of the inequalities remain unexplained in case of undiagnosed hypertension, broader health systems issues including barriers to access to health care may be contributing to inequalities.
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