ArticleACS applied materials & interfaces2023
Force-Induced Shuttling of Rotaxanes Controls Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer in Polymer Hydrogels.
Article in ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Force-Induced Control of Circularly Polarized Luminescence With Rotaxane Architecture.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Anion Association and Macrocycle Encapsulation Tune the Fluorescence ofOrganic letters · 2025Article
- Self-Assembled Polypseudorotaxanes Crosslinked by Dynamic Disulfide Bonds as Modular Functionalization for Thiophilic Metal Nanoparticles.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Hinge-Like Mechanochromic Mechanophores Based on [2.2]Paracyclophane.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Directional Macrocycle Transport, Release, and Recapture Enabled by a Rotaxane Transporter.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Review
- Fluorescence-readout as a powerful macromolecular characterisation tool.Chemical science · 2023Review
- Programming Positive Mechanofluorescence in Liquid Crystalline Elastomers.ACS applied polymer materials · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The molecular shuttling function of rotaxanes can be exploited to design mechanoresponsive reporter molecules. Here, we report a new approach to such rotaxane-based mechanophores, in which the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between a donor-acceptor pair is mechanically controlled. A cyclic molecule containing a green-light-emitting FRET donor connected to a red-light-emitting FRET acceptor was threaded onto an axle equipped with a quencher at its center and two stoppers in the peripheral positions. In the force-free state, the green emitter is located near the quencher so that charge transfer interactions or photo-induced electron transfer between the two moieties suppress green emission and prevent the FRET from the green to the red emitter. The mechanophore was covalently incorporated into a linear polyurethane-urea (PUU), and stretchable hydrogels were prepared by swelling this polymer with water. Upon deformation of the PUU hydrogels and under an excitation light that selectively excites the donor, the intensity of the red fluorescence increases, as a result of a force-induced separation of the green emitter from the quencher, which enables the FRET. The switching contrast is much more pronounced in the gels than in dry films, which is due to increased molecular mobility and hydrophobic effects in the hydrogel, which both promote the formation of inclusion complexes between the ring containing the green emitter and the quencher.
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