ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews2022
Index Surgery Cost of Fluoroscopic Freehand Versus Robotic-Assisted Pedicle Screw Placement in Lumbar Instrumentation: An Age, Sex, and Approach-Matched Cohort Comparison.
Article in Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- 3D-printed drill guide versus fluoroscopic-guided free-hand technique for pedicle screw insertion in the upper cervical spine: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Musculoskeletal surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Off-Hours Robotic-Assisted Spine Instrumentation in a Teaching Hospital: Feasibility Under Increased Emergency and Workflow Burden.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- A retrospective cohort analysis of roboticJournal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Article
- Robot-assisted spinal surgery: technological maturity, clinical evidence, and future directions.Frontiers in robotics and AI · 2026Review
- Article
- Long-term outcomes following augmented reality-assisted pedicle screw placement in spinal fusion patients.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Robot-assistedWorld journal of orthopedics · 2025Article
- Current Applications and Future Directions of Technologies Used in Adult Deformity Surgery for Personalized Alignment: A Narrative Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- The symbiosis of robotics, enabling technology and minimally invasive surgery.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Comparison Between 3D-Printed Drill Guides and Freehand Surgery for Pedicle Screw Instrumentation in Children and Adolescents with Congenital Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2025Review
- Minimally Invasive and Navigation-Assisted Fracture Stabilization Following Traumatic Spinopelvic Dissociation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Evaluating the Status and Promising Potential of Robotic Spinal Surgery Systems.Orthopaedic surgery · 2024Review
- Robotic-assisted spine surgery-a narrative review.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2024Review
- Top 25 Most-Cited Articles on Robotic-Assisted Lumbar Spine Surgery.International journal of spine surgery · 2024Article
- Commentary: Augmented reality in neurosurgery, state of art and future projections. A systematic review.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSpine surgery costs are notoriously high, and there are already criticisms and concerns over the economic effects. There is no consensus on cost variation with robot-assisted spine fusion (rLF) compared with a manual fluoroscopic freehand (fLF) approach. This study looks to compare the early costs between the robotic method and the freehand method in lumbar spine fusion.
methodsrLFs by one spine surgeon were age, sex, and approach-matched to fLF procedures by another spine surgeon. Variable direct costs, readmissions, and revision surgeries within 90 days were reviewed and compared.
resultsThirty-nine rLFs were matched to 39 fLF procedures. No significant differences were observed in clinical outcomes. rLF had higher total encounter costs (P < 0.001) and day-of-surgery costs (P = 0.005). Increased costs were mostly because of increased supply cost (0.0183) and operating room time cost (P < 0.001). Linear regression showed a positive relationship with operating room time and cost in rLF (P < 0.001).
conclusionrLF is associated with a higher index surgery cost. The main factor driving increased cost is supply costs, with other variables too small in difference to make a notable financial effect. rLF will become more common, and other institutions may need to take a closer financial look at this more novel instrumentation before adoption.
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