Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36731474›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and health2023

Associations of racial and ethnic discrimination with adverse changes in exercise and screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

Tong Xia, Gilbert C Gee, Jian Li, Xinyue Liu, Jin Dai, Lu Shi, Donglan Zhang, Zhuo Chen, Xuesong Han, Yan Li and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology and health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Tong XiaDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Gilbert C GeeDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jian LiDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Xinyue LiuDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Jin DaiDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Lu ShiDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
Donglan ZhangDivision of Health Services Research, Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA.
Zhuo ChenDepartment of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Xuesong HanSurveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Yan LiDepartment of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Hongmei LiDepartment of Media, Journalism and Film, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
Ming WenDepartment of Sociology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Dejun SuDepartment of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
Liwei ChenDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesDuring the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a growing prevalence of racial and ethnic discrimination occurred when many Americans struggled to maintain healthy lifestyles. This study investigated the associations of racial and ethnic discrimination with changes in exercise and screen time during the pandemic in the United States.

methodsWe included 2,613 adults who self-identified as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Asian, or Hispanic from the Health, Ethnicity, and Pandemic study, a cross-sectional survey conducted among a nationally representative sample of United States adults between October and November 2020. We assessed self-reported racial and ethnic discrimination by measuring COVID-19-related racial and ethnic bias and examined its associations with changes in exercise and screen time using multivariable logistic regression models. We analyzed data between September 2021 and March 2022.

resultsCOVID-19-related racial and ethnic bias was associated with decreased exercise time among non-Hispanic Asian (odds ratio [OR], 1.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13 to 1.89) and Hispanic people (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.32 to 2.77), and with increased screen time among non-Hispanic Black people (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.33 to 2.85), adjusting for age, sex, education, marital status, annual household income, insurance, and employment status.

conclusionsRacial and ethnic discrimination may have adversely influenced exercise and screen time changes among racial and ethnic minorities during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms through which racial and ethnic discrimination can impact lifestyles and to develop potential strategies to address racial and ethnic discrimination as a barrier to healthy lifestyles.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsAdultAsianBlack or African AmericanCross-Sectional StudiesExerciseHispanic or LatinoHumansRacismScreen TimeUnited StatesWhiteCOVID-19ExerciseLife styleRacial and ethnic discriminationScreen time

Identifiers

PMID36731474
PMCPMC10266926

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.