ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2023
Cannabis Use Is Associated With Decreased Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among Older Adults With HIV.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions to enhance HIV medication adherence among individuals using substances: a systematic review and critique of the literature.AIDS care · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Cannabis Use on Cognition in People with HIV: Evidence of Function-Dependent Effects and Mechanisms from Clinical and Preclinical Studies.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2024Pooled it
- Association of Cannabis Use With Risk of Subsequent Falls Among Adults Aging With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Relationship Status and Quality Associations with HIV Care Cascade Outcomes Among Sexual Minority Men Living with HIV in the US: Indications of a Dyadic Coping Paradox.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Cannabis Effects on Neurocognition and HIV-Related Outcomes: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Associations between cannabis use, cannabis use motivations and past year polysubstance use among people living with HIV in Florida.AIDS care · 2026Article
- Effects of acute THC challenge on behavior and neuroinflammation in HIV-1 Tg26 mice vary based on HIV status, chronic THC history, and sex.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Mental Health and ART Adherence in a Multisite International Study: The Mediating Roles of Social Support and Substance Use in People with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Beyond the high: exploring socioecological influences on cannabis use in older women with and without HIV.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Article
- Patterns of Cannabis Use among Women With HIV in the United States.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Article
- Cannabis use is associated with a lower likelihood of presence of HIV drug resistance mutations in a retrospective cohort of adults with HIV.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Cannabis Use in HIV: Impact on Inflammation, Immunity and the Microbiome.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Changes in cannabis use post decriminalisation in mental health care users in South Africa.The South African journal of psychiatry : SAJP : the journal of the Society of Psychiatrists of South Africa · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Conflicting evidence exists on the impact of cannabis use on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). We leveraged data collected among older PWH to characterize longitudinal associations between cannabis use and ART adherence. Methods: AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5322 study participants were categorized as <100% (≥1 missed dose in past 7 days) or 100% (no missed doses) ART adherent. Participants self-reported current (past month), intermittent (past year but not past month), and no cannabis (in past year) use at each study visit. Generalized linear models using generalized estimating equations were fit and inverse probability weighting was used to adjust for time-varying confounders and loss to follow-up. Results: Among 1011 participants (median age, 51 years), 18% reported current, 6% intermittent, and 76% no cannabis use at baseline; 88% reported 100% ART adherence. Current cannabis users were more likely to be <100% adherent than nonusers (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.53 [95% CI, 1.11-2.10]). There was no association between ART adherence and current versus intermittent (aRR, 1.39 [95% CI, .85-2.28]) or intermittent versus no cannabis use (aRR, 1.04 [95% CI, .62-1.73]). Conclusions: Among a cohort of older PWH, current cannabis users had a higher risk of <100% ART adherence compared to nonusers. These findings have important clinical implications as suboptimal ART adherence is associated with ART drug resistance, virologic failure, and elevated risk for mortality. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which cannabis use decreases ART adherence in older PWH and to advance the development of more efficacious methods to mitigate nonadherence in this vulnerable population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.