ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Effects of steroid hormones on lipid metabolism in sexual dimorphism: A Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Sex Bias in Autoimmunity: New Findings and New Opportunities.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2025Review
- SMPDL3B a novel biomarker and therapeutic target in myalgic encephalomyelitis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
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- TERT translocation as a Novel condition in Intrauterine Growth Restriction rats with early catch-up growth.PloS one · 2025Article
- Association between egg consumption and major and minor ischemia changes on electrocardiogram: A population-based study.ARYA atherosclerosis · 2025Article
- A non-linear association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes in China.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Beyond reproduction: unraveling the impact of sex hormones on cardiometabolic health.Medical review (2021) · 2024Review
- Lipoprotein Metabolism, Dyslipidemia, and Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Women: A Comprehensive Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- ApoC3 is expressed in oocytes and increased expression is associated with PCOS progression.Journal of ovarian research · 2023Article
- Androgen excess: a hallmark of polycystic ovary syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Although the role of steroid hormones in lipid levels has been partly discussed in the context of separate sexes, the causal relationship between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism according to sex has not been elucidated because of the limitations of observational studies. We assessed the relationship between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism in separate sexes using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Methods: Instrumental variables for dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), progesterone, estradiol, and androstenedione were selected. MR analysis was performed using inverse-variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier tests. Cochran's Q test, the MR-Egger intercept test, and leave-one-out analysis were used for sensitivity analyses. Results: The results showed that the three steroid hormones affected lipid metabolism and exhibited sex differences. In males, DHEAS was negatively correlated with total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B ( Conclusions: Our findings identified sex-specific causal networks between steroid hormones and lipid metabolism. Steroid hormones, including DHEAS, progesterone, and androstenedione, exhibited beneficial effects on lipid metabolism in both sexes; however, the specific lipid profiles affected by steroid hormones differed between the sexes.
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