ArticleBMC primary care2023
Parenting and parenting resources among Chinese parents with children under three years of age: rural and urban differences.
Article in BMC primary care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Parental Social Comparisons and Parent-Child Closeness in Families with Preschool Children: The Roles of Mindful Parenting and Parents' Education Anxiety.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The causal relationship between family economic, cultural, and social capital and child health in urban and rural China.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Parental burnout as a mediator between fathers' parenting stress and preschoolers' emotional-behavioral problems: an urban-rural comparative study.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic and maternal mental health factors associated with the parenting and development of children in an early childhood promotion program: analysis via structural equation modeling.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Understanding Family Functioning as a Protective Factor for Adolescents' Mental Health from the Parental Perspective: Photovoice in Rural Communities of Ecuador.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Raising Autistic Children in Mainland China: A Qualitative Study of Parental Experiences and Challenges.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- A Pilot Study of an Attachment-Based Parenting Intervention for Parents of Adolescents in China: Translation, Modifications, and Preliminary Effectiveness.Family process · 2025Article
- When left-behind children become parents in rural china: does their emotional expressiveness influence children's social-emotional competence?BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Nationwide Trends in Screen Time and Associated Risk Factors by Family Structures Among Adolescents, 2008-2022: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- The Mediating Role of Parenting Stress in the Correlation between Internalizing Problems and Maladjustment among School-Age Children in Shanghai, China.International journal of school health · 2024Article
- Article
- Prevalence, subtypes, and risk factors of adverse childhood experiences among Chinese residents: a multicenter cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Analysis of urban-rural differences in the relationship between grandparenting and the nutrition and health status of children aged 0-3 in China.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Neuropsychology and Electroencephalography in Rural Children at Neurodevelopmental Risk: A Scoping Review.Pediatric reports · 2023Article
- Comparing Depression Prevalence and Associated Symptoms with Intolerance of Uncertainty among Chinese Urban and Rural Adolescents: A Network Analysis.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundParenting is essential for children's development and preventing child abuse and neglect. Providing parenting services within the primary health care settings demonstrated effectiveness in improving parenting quality. However, little is known about the status of parenting and parenting resources in rural areas and whether they differ between rural and urban areas in Mainland China.
objectiveThis study aimed to examine the rural-urban differences in parenting and availability of, utilization of, and need for parenting resources among Chinese parents with children under three years of age. PARTICIPANTS AND
settingA total of 425 parents of children under three years of age participated in an online survey between March and May 2020.
methodsThe Parenting and Family Adjustment Scale and Child Adjustment and Parenting Efficacy Scale were used to assess parenting, family adjustment, and parenting efficacy. The availability of, utilization of, and need for parenting resources were measured using self-developed questions based on literature. Chi-square tests, t tests, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to examine the differences in responses between parents in rural and urban areas.
resultsCompared with their urban counterparts, rural parents reported a higher level of negative parenting and more limited parenting resources. Both rural and urban parents reported low availability and utilization of parenting resources as well as a great need for parenting support services.
conclusionsRural parents faced more parenting challenges and limited parenting resources compared with urban parents. Both rural and urban parents with children under three years of age reported great needs for parenting resources. These findings highlight the potential of delivering accessible, sustainable, and cost-effective parenting programs via the primary health care system for public welfare in both urban and rural areas, with more attention paid to rural parents to help them improve their parenting.
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